Presentation on the world around "Mineral resources of the Altai Territory" (grade 2). Minerals of the Altai Territory Natural resources of the Altai Territory presentation

Very varied. This is explained by the advantage geographic location. Since ancient times, all kinds of ores, stones, construction and ornamental have been mined here. The region is also rich in deposits of limestone and sand. The mineral medicinal waters flowing in the bowels of the Altai land are also famous. Consider what minerals are mined in the Altai Territory, we will give examples of their use.

Altai Krai: location features

On the border with Kazakhstan, this unusually beautiful region is located - Altai. This region has an amazingly diverse terrain: the world's largest plain is replaced. Because of such relief features, the area is rich in minerals.

Still, most Altai Territory It is a plain that gradually rises. It is bordered on one side by the Altai Mountains, and on the other by the Salair Ridge. It is easy to confuse it with ordinary hills, but this is not so: the ridge is a low mountain three hundred kilometers long.

The Altai Territory is also unique in that many natural areas: taiga and mountains, forest-steppe and steppe.

Concerning water resources, then there are several major rivers. Moreover, the largest of them, the Ob, occupies 70 percent of the entire territory. The territory is also rich in lakes: there are 11 thousand only those whose area is more than 1 kilometer.

Mining methods

Minerals are mined in the Altai Territory (we will present a photo of them in the article) in three main ways.

First, the so-called open. In this case, a quarry with a depth of no more than 500 meters is built directly in the deposit zone and the extracted minerals are loaded onto specialized equipment.

Secondly, mines are being built. This method is good when deposits are deep enough. In this case, first, the so-called mine shaft, resembling a giant well, is dug into the depths of the rock, and then the infrastructure is built on.

Another method, innovative, uses a high pressure jet. It is fed into the well, which is made in the fossil rock, crushes it. Next, pieces of rock are lifted up. By the way, this is the most inefficient method, but it is under development.

Iron ore

The most famous minerals of the Altai Territory, of course, are ores. There are 16 largest deposits in total. It should be noted that they are located in the southwestern part, have a very developed infrastructure. According to estimates, there are 70 and 490 tons of polymineral and iron ores in the depths of Altai, respectively.

Mined in the Kulunda steppe.

It is mainly used in ferrous metallurgy. Moreover, three types of it are industrially produced: separated (that is, crumbly), sinter ore (in the form of pieces) and pellets (liquid mass containing iron).

There is such a thing as rich iron ore - this is one in which more than 57% of the iron content. It is from it that iron is smelted, and then steel. If the iron content in the ore is low, it is enriched by industrial methods. But ore is used and not only for these purposes, it is also included in ocher - a special dye of natural origin.

Copper ore

The mineral map of the Altai Territory is also rich in copper ores.

Their deposits are located mainly in the west of the Silair Ridge. These ores have been mined here since the 16th century, when in 1719 the discovered deposits began to be developed under the supervision of A. N. Demidov. At the same time, the first factories appeared in these places. However, even 2.5 thousand years ago, ancient people mined copper here.

What is copper ore? This is such a special composition of minerals, in which the content of the copper component makes it possible to process it during the industrial process. This requires a minimum of 0.5% copper concentration in the rock. Most often, such ore is a combination of copper and nickel.

Depending on the enrichment of the ore with copper, there are: chalcocite, bornite and Ores are listed in descending order of the useful metal content.

Copper is widely used in various fields. For a long time, people have noticed its ability to conduct heat well, resistance to corrosion, as well as excellent electrical conductivity. Another obvious plus is that copper melts at a relatively low temperatures. All this made it possible to use this metal in many areas, from the metallurgical industry to domestic needs (for example, copper pipes are highly valued).

bauxites

Bauxites (aluminum ores) are also widespread. These minerals of the Altai Territory are also mined in the Salair area. Moreover, the mining process does not cause any particular difficulties, because these ores are very close to the surface.

Only those bauxites with an aluminum content of over 40 percent are used for industrial processing. The smelting of this valuable metal - main reason bauxite mining, but they are also used to make paints, and ferrous metallurgy uses bauxite to create special liquids, fluxes that remove oxidation on metals.

Sand and limestone

Listing the minerals of the Altai Territory, it is impossible not to mention such rocks as sand and limestone. These reserves in this area are truly inexhaustible.

The territories where the Biya and Katun flow are rich in sand. Silicate bricks are made from this material (if the sand contains quartz). If the rock is completely quartz, then glass.

As for limestone, it is widely used in construction, many sculptors also create their works from this rock.

A special agent for imparting viscosity - quicklime - is also produced from this fossil. Limestone is also used in the production of concrete, in road construction.

stones

The minerals of the Altai Territory are also stones. Moreover, both construction, such as gypsum (Lake Dzhira), and Altai marble. It is obtained in several colors: here you can find many shades from white to golden. The striped jasper mined here is known all over the world. The scale of the granite deposits is also impressive.

This stone is especially valued for its strength, therefore it is used for the production of cladding, as well as any structures where high strength is needed.

Quartzite from the Altai Territory has also always been in price: they have a special pinkish tint, for which they have earned popularity.

The name of the minerals of the Altai Territory can be listed for a very long time. Of course, the entire periodic table is not presented there, but the deposits are very, very impressive.

Description of the presentation on individual slides:

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SUMMER COMPETITION OF PHOTOMATERIALS "MY LAND: MAN AND NATURE" Nomination: "Natural wealth of my land" Minerals of the Altai Territory Author: Lyamkina Tatyana Mikhailovna Exhibits of the museum of the city of Zmeinogorsk, the nature of Belokurikha and the city of Barnaul (museum of the world of stone)

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Altai Krai is located in the southeast Western Siberia, on the border of continental Asia, 3419 km from Moscow. The territory of the region is 168 thousand square meters. km, occupies the 24th place in terms of area in Russian Federation and 10th place in the Siberian federal district. In the north, the region borders on the Novosibirsk region, in the east - on the Kemerovo region, the southeastern border passes with the Republic of Altai, in the southwest and west - the state border with the Republic of Kazakhstan with a length of 843.6 km. Mineral resources The region has deposits of brown coal, iron, polymetallic and nickel-cobalt ores, bauxite, native and alluvial gold, mineral salts (sodium and magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride, natural soda), cement raw materials, gypsum, facing and colored stones, therapeutic mud, mineral and drinking underground waters. The most significant types of minerals for the region's economy at present are polymetallic ores, gold and sodium sulfate.

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Characteristics of resources Polymetallic ores are the main value of the subsoil of the Altai Territory. In the southwestern part of the region (the Russian part of Rudny Altai) 16 deposits have been explored. The balance reserves of all deposits amount to 70 million tons of ore. The reserves of ten fields are most in demand: Korbalikhinsky, Rubtsovsky, Zarechensky, Sredny, Talovsky, Stepnoy, Zakharovsky, Yubileiny, Lazursky and Maisky. The total reserves of these deposits amount to 60.7 million tons of ore containing 799 thousand tons of copper, 1602 thousand tons of lead, 4806 thousand tons of zinc, 40 tons of gold, 3543 tons of silver. Museum of Zmeinogorsk

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1. Magnesium salts are found in four deposits: lakes Kuchuk, Bolshoye Yarovoye and Maloe Yarovoye in the amount of 15776 thousand tons, as well as in the Malinovsky deposit of magnesium brines in the amount of 12600 m3 / day. The development of this type of raw material on the territory of the region is not currently carried out. 2. Five deposits - lakes Burlinskoye, Kuchuk, Bolshoye Yarovoye, Kochkovatoe and Raspberry - contain reserves of table salt in the amount of 69.7 million tons. The Burlinskoye deposit is being developed. 3. Reserves of natural soda in the amount of 2247 thousand tons are contained in two deposits: Mikhailovsky and Petukhovsky. Mining is carried out at the Mikhailovsky deposit. 4. Three deposits of cement raw materials have been explored within the Altai Territory - Vrublevo-Agafyevskoye, Neverovskoye and Samara with reserves of this type of mineral in the following quantities, million tons: clay rocks - 57.8; limestones - 166.7. The Vrublevo-Agafievsky deposit is being developed by OAO Cement, which produces a significant amount of cement products. 5. From deposits building materials the Dzhirinskoye deposit is allocated, which contains gypsum reserves in the amount of 8.919 million tons. The deposit is at the stage of preparation for development. 6. Explored reserves of facing stones, concentrated in seven deposits (Elandinsky, Dukovsky, Pushtulimsky, Kamensky, Baikalsky, Beloretsky and Korgonsky) amount to 4008.7 thousand m3. The development of deposits is carried out at an insufficient pace due to low demand from consumers. 7. Colored stones are represented by two deposits of decorative jaspers - Lugovsky and Revnevsky with total balance reserves of 62.8 thousand tons. The Revnevsky deposit is currently being prepared for industrial development. 8. Reserves of therapeutic mud in the amount of 10,629 thousand m3 are accounted for in five deposits - Chernokurinskoye, Mormyshanskoye Lake, Small Yarovoe Lake, Gorkoe-Peresheechnoye Lake (Western site) and the North-Eastern Estuary site (Lake M. Yarovoye). The Chernokuryinskoye deposits, Mormyshanskoye lake, Small Yarovoe lake, Gorkoe-Peresheechnoye lake (Western section) and the North-East estuary section (Lake M. Yarovoe) are being developed. 9. On the territory of the region there is the only Kuchuksky sodium sulfate deposit being developed in the Russian Federation, the reserves of which amount to 179 million tons. In 2014, polymetallic ores, gold, silver, mineral salts, therapeutic mud, as well as non-metallic minerals: cement raw materials and facing stone.

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"Minerals Grade 4" - Krasnodar region is the oldest oil-producing region in Russia. Mostovskoy district S. Shedok. Gas pipeline "Blue Stream" (Russia - Turkey). Apsheronsk Abinsk Slavyansk-on-Kuban. P. Sennoy Temryuk district. Gypsum. Varenikovskaya Crimean region. Gas fields in Kanevsky, Leningrad and other regions.

"Mineral Resources of Kazakhstan" - Fuel and energy resources Uranium - 18.9% - 2nd place in the world. The International Monetary Fund's Guide to Resource Revenue Transparency examines the application of the principles of the IMF's Code of Good Practice on Fiscal Transparency to the specific problems of resource-dependent countries.

"Mining" - Metal smelting. Clay. Oil. Why is mining getting harder and harder? Coal. Sand. What do you think, can minerals run out on our planet? What professions are people involved in mining? Copper ore. Granite. Iron ore. What types of fuel do you know?

"Minerals Lesson" - The purpose of the lesson: To learn about the variety of minerals. Mine Quarry deposit. From coal From granite From ore. Let's solve the crossword puzzle. Chemical. -Geologists Archaeologists Biologists. combustible. What mineral is gasoline made from? What is the name of the place where minerals are found? Prepare a report on a mineral.

"Mineral Resources of Russia" - Why you need to protect exhaustible resources? Large accumulations of ores are called deposits. What patterns can be traced in the distribution of minerals across the Earth? Kuznetsk and Kansko-Achinsk basins. Topic: "Mineral resources of Russia.". Our country is rich in various minerals.

"Properties of minerals" - Sand. Use: brick, dishes. Test. Minerals of the Leningrad Region: Coal. Clay. Usage: fuel, chemical raw materials. Main properties: sedimentary rock, saturated with phosphorus, glows in the dark. Main properties: in the form of grains, loose. Iron ore.

Altai Krai is one of the main mining regions of the country. Various types of minerals are known here: polymetallic ores, iron, bauxites, mineral salts, cement and building limestones, brick and tile raw materials, sand-gravel-pebble material, facing and ornamental stones.

Raw materials for non-ferrous and ferrous metallurgy

polymetallic ores. They are concentrated mainly in Rudny Altai, which, together with its Kazakh part, is a large province of polymetallic ores. The Zmeinogorsk, Zolotushinsky and Rubtsovsky ore regions stand out. Further development in the region, the industry for the extraction of polymetallic ores is associated with the development of the Zarechensky, Korbalikhinsky, Sredny, Stepnoy, Maysky and Novozolotushinsky deposits.

Iron ores. Their deposits in the region form the Altai iron ore province. The Inskoye and Beloretskoye deposits are of the greatest practical interest. Ore reserves C up to 500 million tons, grade useful component from 33 to 45%. In the western part of the region (the village of Blagoveshchenka, the village of Aleksandrovsky) there is the Kulunda iron ore area. The iron content is 23C37%. Estimated ore reserves 55Ts110 billion tons.

Mercury. The Sarasinsky mercury-bearing zone is located on the northwestern outskirts of Gorny Altai. And within its limits there are Cheremshanskoye, Night Log, Sukhonkoe, Lagernoye deposits.

bauxites. Their deposits are territorially confined to Salair. In the central part (in the upper reaches of the Berd River) there are Berdsko-Mayskoye, Obukhovskoye, Oktyabrskoye and Novogodnee deposits. They have industrial value, but are not exploited.

Tungsten. About 20 deposits are known. The Beloretskoye, Batunskoye, Mulchikhinskoye deposits are of practical interest.

Molybdenum. In the northwestern part of Gorny Altai, the Talitskoye, Ognevoyamskoye, Plotbischenskoye, Iskrovskoye, and Berezovskoye deposits were noted. The content of molybdenum is low. The practical significance of the deposits is limited. Molybdenum is also found in tungsten deposits of the region.

Nickel. The Belininskoye, Aleksandrovskoye, Togulenok and Tyagunskoye deposits are known. The metal content in ores is 0.5Ts1.1%. The deposits are not being developed.

Tin. There is a non-commercial deposit Pervenets in Rudny Altai. The average content is 0.17C0, 29%.

Brown coal. Its deposits are Ts Mulnayskoye, Novomulnayskoye, Afoninskoye, Karaganskoye. The seam thickness is up to 4 m. Coal-bearing deposits are traced in the Kulunda steppe. The predicted reserves are 130 billion tons, but according to the conditions of occurrence, they are classified as off-balance. In general, the prospects for the industrial development of brown coal are limited.

Non-metallic and mineral raw materials

mineral salts. In Kulund, one of the largest salt-bearing regions of the country, there are a large number of endorheic mineralized lakes, many of which contain bottom sediments salts or industrial concentration in brine. The exploitation of Kulunda salts began in 1768 (common salt of Lake Burlinskoe). By the 90s of the XX century. deposits of lakes Kuchuk, Kucherpak, Bolshoye Yarovoye, Burlinskoye and Petukhovskoye were developed.

Barite. It is widely distributed in Rudny Altai as an accompanying mineral in polymetallic ores. From 1932 to 1967, it was mined from dumps at the Zmeinogorsk deposit. Used in the paint industry.

Asbestos. In Yuzhny Salair, there is the Komsomolskoye deposit of four asbestos-bearing zones with a thickness of up to 60 m. Reserves of Ts 897 thousand tons.

Talc. Manifestations and non-commercial deposits are known in Salair. In the area of ​​st. Tyagun there are small Tyagun-Talovskoye and Anisimovskoye deposits. Talc can be used as a rubber filler. Due to the insignificance of the size of the deposits, the reserves were not calculated.

Piezo optical raw material. Massifs of its concentration are Tigirekskoe, Belokurikha, Savvushkinskoe.

The territory of the Altai Territory in its geological past more than once turned out to be the bottom of the sea, and this could not pass without a trace for the bowels of this land. Geologists are still evaluating the complexity of the deep structure of the earth's crust. According to one version, the name Altai comes from the Mongolian word "alt" and literally means "place of gold." And this assumption is not so far from reality, the earth really impresses with its wealth of minerals.

Altai Krai is a large industrial region of Russia. It is spread in the southeast of Western Siberia and the length of its territory covers almost all natural zones, averaging 585 km from west to east, and 360 km from north to south.

Minerals of the Altai Territory

The diversity of the picturesque landscape allows one to only guess about the significant resource potential region. The list of minerals in the Altai Territory is represented by deposits of iron, polymetal, brown coal, gypsum, natural soda, salt and precious metal. The mining of rare metals does not stop: molybdenum, bismuth, tungsten, lithium and others. Raw storages of building materials are very well represented: almost 20 deposits of building stones, a large number of storerooms of inert resources, gypsum, brick and expanded clay, material for the production of concrete and the composition of building solutions.

The Altai region is famous for its unique porphyry deposits, unsurpassed quality of granites, marbles and jaspers. Also, the fertile land has been appreciated more than once for its healing and healing waters and mud.

Of course, none of the riches of the earth can last forever. In order to instill a careful attitude to the natural resources of the earth, teachers of the region, within the framework of the Local History program, give the necessary knowledge to students elementary school 2-4 classes about the minerals of the Altai Territory.

A bit of history

The generosity of the bowels of the Altai land was famous even before the region became part of Russian state. But for a long time, knowledge about the region itself remained scarce, often mythical. At the beginning of the 17th century, pioneers came here mainly for table salt mined in local lakes.

The active development of minerals in the Altai Territory began with a military confrontation between Russia and Sweden at the beginning of the 18th century. In this regard, the constant supply of copper from the Scandinavian state was terminated. While searching for much-needed resources for a military campaign, the Kostylevs, a Russian miner, discovered copper ore at Zmeina Gora near Kolyvan. The Ural breeder A. Demidov took advantage of this discovery and in 1729 the Kolyvano-Voskresensky plant was put into operation. A little later, silver was discovered here. By the end of the 18th century, eight mining and metallurgical plants were already operating in the region. And along with this, deposits of ornamental stones were also discovered: Beloretskoye, Korgonskoye, Goltsovskoye and Revnevskoye.

The past century was marked by significant geological achievements: 13 deposits of polymetallic ores, two deposits of iron and one unique deposit of aluminum-iron-titanium-vanadium ore (Kharlovskoye) were discovered and thoroughly explored. Thus, a significant resource base of non-ferrous and ferrous metallurgy was prepared for industrial development, which was concentrated mainly in Rudny Altai.

Polymetallic ores

Most of the mining in the Altai Territory falls on polymetallic ores. A total of 10 deposits were discovered, which are compactly located to each other in the southwestern part of the region. Currently, deposits of such fields as Rubtsovskoye, Zarechenskoye, Korbalikhinskoye, Yubileynoye, Stepnoye, Srednee, Zakharovskoye, Mayskoye, Talovskoye and Lazurskoye are considered to be actively developed. Their combined reserves amount to almost 61 million tons of ore and contain 1600 thousand tons of lead, 800 thousand tons of copper, about 4806 thousand tons of zinc, 3543 tons of silver and 40 tons of gold.

The specificity of the Altai deposits lies in the difficulty of selecting an appropriate ore beneficiation technology. Experts noted that the complex ores of some deposits, for example, Rubtsovskoe, are difficult to enrich, which is explained by the general intergrowth of copper, zinc and lead sulfides between themselves and with the host rock. Often they lie in difficult geological conditions. But according to intelligence data, metals in such a combination are not found anywhere else in Russia.

Iron ores

The Beloretskoye and Inskoye deposits represent the raw material base of iron ores in the Altai Territory. Minerals of the Beloretsk storeroom are somewhat more modest, although they have a high presence of silica, the iron content in ores is 33.6%. Insk deposits are richer, have some sulfur and phosphorus, iron content is 45%. The total ore reserve of the two deposits is 490 million tons.

Small deposits of magnetite ores are known: Rubizhnoye, Chesnokovskoye, Kuznetsovskoye. And in the western part of the region there is the Kulunda iron ore area. The iron content in them is from 23% to 37%. These deposits are not being exploited.

Munai brown coal deposit

Until recently, the largest lignite deposit in the Soltonsky region occupied an increasingly confident position along with other minerals that are mined in the Altai Territory. Its resources were estimated at almost 250 million tons. The deposits are located in the center of the Shaburovskaya coal-bearing area and are represented by an oval schizometric band. The main industrial coal reserves are concentrated in horizontally occurring seams - Rogozinsky and Goncharovsky.

The quality of Munai coal is not inferior to coal from the Kansk-Achinsk basin Krasnoyarsk Territory. Its main buyers were the Biysk, Smolensk, Solton, Zonal, Togul, Soviet and Tselinny regions. Demands for Solton coal continued to grow, and a real consumption market began to emerge. Based on this, it would seem that the Munai coal mine has great prospects, but reality has shown otherwise.

The coal deposit was discovered in the 80s of the XIX century, but remained without due attention. Only a century later, Novosibugol began to develop the deposit, after which it repeatedly changed its owners. Unfortunately, today the situation has not changed much. In 2016, the Munaisky section was mothballed.

Tungsten

For a long time, metals have been in the service of mankind, helping to create and improve technology. An important place among them is occupied by tungsten, the metal at the fiery frontiers. Among all the minerals that are mined in the Altai Territory, the fate of tungsten is somewhat in limbo. Its production was practically stopped, given that Russia previously occupied one of the key positions in the world market.

There are 20 tungsten deposits in the region. The Kolyvansky and Talitsko-Belokurikha regions are especially noted. In the Kolyvansky district there are Plitninskoye, Ryabinovskoye, Novokolyvanskoye, Kolyvanskoye, Beloretskoye and Kremlevskoye deposits. Within the Talitsko-Belokurikha region - Dmitrievskoye, Osinovskoye, Nikolskoye, Ivankinskoye, Batunovskoye and other deposits.

Tungsten deposits are mainly classified as quartz-vein type. The leading minerals are molybdenite, wolframite and scheelite. The Batunovskoye, Mulchikhinskoye and Beloretskoye deposits are of economic interest.

Gold deposits

The rich geological history determined the formation of the complex structure of the earth's crust and the relief of the Altai Territory. The minerals that abound in the bowels of the earth never cease to amaze with their diversity. The region continues to confidently occupy positions in the extraction of precious and non-ferrous metals.

At present, the Novofirsovskoye ore field in the Kurinsky district and the Murzinskoye deposit (Demidovsky mine) are the most developed. Placer gold deposits are concentrated in 14 knots of the North Altai and Salair gold-bearing regions. Significant concentrations of gold are found in complex polymetallic deposits (Zarechenskoye and Zmeinogorskoye). The development of the Korbalikhinskoye deposit continues, whose reserves are estimated at 26 million tons of ore. And in the near future it is planned to carry out exploration work at the following sites: Kayanchinskaya (Altaisky district), Loktevskaya (Kurinsky district) and Kumirskaya (Charyshsky district).

Stones of Altai

Nature continues to generously share the reserves of unique facing and ornamental stones in the Altai region. Approximately 300 deposits have been discovered, but only a few have been explored. Thanks to his high quality the stones brought world fame to the Beloretsk deposit of quartzites, the Revnevsk deposits of green-striped jaspers, the Goltsovsky deposit of spotted jaspers and the Korgon deposit of porphyries and jaspers.

Facing stones began to develop relatively recently. The white marbles of the Pushtulimsk deposit managed to gain fame far beyond the borders of the Altai Territory. The marble of the Tavdinsky, Belovsky, Ust-Munsky and Dukovsky deposits is slightly less famous.