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Topic: Rivers and lakes of Mordovia. Water resources of Mordovia Map of water bodies of Mordovia

Relaxation

29.10.2019

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Hello, Dear friends! I am glad for this meeting! Today, of course, not in vain, Lakes, rivers and Mordovian regions are waiting for you. Love your native nature - Lakes, forests and fields! After all, this is our land with you. You and I were born on it, You and I live on it. So let us, people, all together We treat her kindly.

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In order to know about the waters of Mordovia, You must be able to read a map, Be attentive, be able to observe, And, of course, reason.

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Useful, tender, simply boundless, Giving us life, proud, domineering, Cold, burning, mighty in anger. You come to the world with a river, oceans. In the house you meet with open taps. A drop of dew that covered the grass, A tearful rain that heaven sends us. Life without you on Earth is impossible, To keep your purity- Our irreplaceable water.

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Nature does not hide its secrets from us, but teaches us to be more attentive to them. N. Rylenko. Oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, canals, ponds, reservoirs - all these are the water resources of our planet. Freshwater bodies perform several functions. On the one hand, rivers and lakes are an important part of the water cycle in nature.

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Rivers of Mordovia. Each river begins with a spring, a stream, a lake, a swamp, a glacier. The beginning of a river is called its source. The source is the place where the river originates. A river is a constant flow of water from precipitation that falls on the land surface. A river stream of water flowing in a depression he has carved. This depression is called the riverbed. Usually the channel is at the bottom of a wider depression in the relief, called a river valley. The place where a river flows into another river, lake or sea is called the mouth of the river. Small rivers are called streams

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The Sivin River Sivin is a river, the right tributary of the Moksha. The length is 124 km, the catchment area is 1,830 km2. It starts at the village Kadoshkino, flows into central Mordovia. The largest tributaries are: Ozhga, Avgura, Shishkeevka, Modaevka. The density of the river network is 0.54 km/km2. Food is mixed, both snowy and due to rains and underground sources. The average water consumption is 4.4 m3/s, the average mineralization is 300-400 mg/l. The width of the channel in the lower reaches is up to 30 m, the depth is up to 3 m. The bottom is sandy, near the village. Sivin - rocky (limestone). On Sivini are located with. Old Shaigovo, Old Terizmorga, with. Sivin, Old Sindrovo.

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The river Rudnya Rudnya is a river, the right tributary of the Alatyr. Length - 90.8 km (in the Republic of Moldova - 39.6 km), catchment area - 1,218 km2 (in the Republic of Moldova - 1,040 km2). It originates near Bolotnikova, flows in the central part of Mordovia and in Nizhny Novgorod region. Main tributaries: Irset, Rudnyachka, Yustyur, Maiska, Konopatka, Ingiryayka. The density of the river network is 0.58 km/km2. The territory of the basin is mostly plowed. The food is mixed. The average water consumption at the village. Diveev Usad, Nizhny Novgorod region 4.6 m3/s. The width of the channel in the lower reaches is up to 10 m, the depth is up to 1 m, the banks are mostly gentle, overgrown with willow. On Rudna are located with. Govorovo, Ingener-Pyatina, pos. Krasnaya Rudnya, Staroshaigovsky District

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The river Satis Satis is a river, the right tributary of the Moksha. The length is 75 km (along the border with the Republic of Moldova - about 50 km), the width is 5 - 10 m. The catchment area is 1,570 km2. The annual flow rate is 6.28 m3/s. It starts at the village Satis of the Pervomaisky district of the Nizhny Novgorod region, flows from the northeast to the southwest, in the middle and lower channels - along the border of the Republic of Moldova with the Ryazan region. Tributaries (length - from 9 to 28 km): Glinka, Malaya Chernaya, Bolshaya Chernaya and Pushta. Food is mixed (snow, rain, ground). It has small shallows and low, sometimes gully or marshy shores, a deep and wide valley with a well-developed floodplain terrace on the right side, plowed up or covered with grassy vegetation. The left bank is sandy, covered with pine and spruce forests.

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The Pyana Pyana River is a river, the left tributary of the Sura. The length is 436 km, the catchment area is 8,060 km2 (in the Republic of Moldova - 360 km2). It originates from The Upper Talyzino of the Sechenovsky District of the Nizhny Novgorod Region, in Mordovia, flows in the upper reaches through the territory of the Bolsheignatovsky District for 28 km. The main tributary in the Republic of Moldova is Pyanka. The density of the river network is 0.7 km/km2. The food is mixed. In the lower reaches near the village of Kamkino, Nizhny Novgorod Region, the average water discharge is 30.2 m3/s. In the Republic of Moldova, the width of the channel is 5 - 7 m, the depth is 0.5 - 1.0 m. Arzhadeevo (village, Bolsheignatovsky district) and Spasskoye and others.

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Moksha River Moksha is a river, the right tributary of the Oka. The length is 656 km (in the Republic of Moldova - 320 km), the catchment area - 51 thousand km2 (in the Republic of Moldova - 13,920). It originates south of the village. Mokshan, Mokshansky district, Penza region, flows in western Mordovia and the Ryazan region. The largest tributaries in the Republic of Moldova are: Issa, Sivin, Urkat, Satis, Urey, Big Aksel. Food is mixed (snow - 60 - 80%, ground - 15-30, rain - up to 10%). The average annual water consumption near Temnikova is 55.2 m3/s. General mineralization 330-680 mg/l. The width of the floodplain is up to 10 km. The greatest depth in the confluence of the Sivini is 11 m (Sivinskaya pit). The bottom is predominantly sandy, on the stretches - silty, on the rapids - rocky. The rise of the spring flood at the end of March, sometimes at the beginning of April, lasts 10-15 days, the level rises by an average of 5.1-5.7 m. The duration of the decline is on average 50-70 days. The summer-autumn low-water period begins in early June. Annually there are 1-3 rain floods, the lowest levels of summer low water - in August - October. Freeze-up is established on November 20-30, opening in the 1st decade of April. In the Republic of Moldova on Moksha, there are the cities of Kovylkino, Krasnoslobodsk, Temnikov, with. Tengushevo, Novaya Rezepovka village.

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Sura River Sura is a river, the right tributary of the Volga. The length is 841 km (on the territory of the Republic of Moldova - 120 km), the catchment area - 67,500 km2 (in the Republic of Moldova - 12,260 km2). It originates from The Surskiye Peaks of the Baryshsky district of the Ulyanovsk region, flows in the Nizhny Novgorod, Penza regions, Mordovia and Chuvashia. Most major rivers Sura basin in the Republic of Moldova: Alatyr, Insar, Pyana, Menya. The density of the river network is 0.47 km / km2, the lakes and swamps are less than 1%. The river is fed by snow. Characterized by high spring floods, low summer low water with rain floods in years of high humidity. The spring flood usually passes in 1 wave, in some years with prolonged snowmelt - 2, 3. The Sura is a flat river with a moderately winding channel. The annual water consumption in the alignment with. Kadyshev, Karsunsky district, Ulyanovsk region 98.5 m3/s. Mineralization - 400-550 mg / l. The waters carry a large amount of suspended solids. The width of the channel is 80 - 160 m, the depth in the Republic of Moldova on the rifts is 0.3 - 0.8, on the stretches 3 - 5 m. Bolshie Berezniki, Nikolaevka, Bolshebereznikovsky District.

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Urkat is a river, the right tributary of the Moksha. The length is 63 km, the catchment area is 501 km2. It originates in the forest area of the Nizhny Novgorod region, 3 km west of the village. Novotroitskoye, Pochinkovsky district. It flows in the landscapes of mixed forests of the water-glacial plains of the Elnikovsky district. The main tributary is the river. Kutuks. The flow rate is 2 m3/s. The minimum average monthly runoff in summer is 0.2 m3/s. At the mouth of the Urkat, at the confluence with the Moksha, there is a fish reserve. On Urkata are located with. Bolshoi Urkat, Novonikolskoye, pos. Krasnye Gorki, village Budaevo, Muravlyanka, Polochino Urkat River

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Issa River Issa is a river, the right tributary of the Moksha. The length is 149 km (in the Republic of Moldova - 98 km), the catchment area is 2,350 km2 (in the Republic of Moldova - 1,790). It originates 5 km south of the village. Anuchin, Luninsky district, Penza region, flows in the south of Mordovia. The main tributaries in Mordovia are the Insarka and the Seitma. The density of the river network is 0.43 km/km2. The food is mixed. The average water consumption at the village. Payeva (Kadoshkinsky district) 6.71 m3/s. The width of the channel in the lower reaches is up to 50 m, the average depth is 1.0-1.5 m. Adashevo, Bolshaya Polyana, etc.

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The Nuya Nuya is a river, the right tributary of the Alatyr. The length is about 60 km, the catchment area is 1,050 km2. It originates from Kirzhemany Chamzinsky district, at the foot of Bald Mountain. It flows in the northeastern part of Mordovia: in the Chamzinsky and Atyashevsky regions. It flows into Alatyr near the village. Selishchi, Ichalkovsky district. Main tributaries: Inel, Korzyadley, Tombakaley, Nushley, Kerley, Cambrasley (left); Picheneyka, Trokskuzhon lei, Syrezbuen latko (right). Food is mainly snow, ground and rain. Freeze - from late November to early April. The width of the channel is 10-15 m, the average depth is 1-2 m. The river valley is slightly winding, the width in the upper reaches is 100-200 m, at the mouth it is up to 1.5 km. The width of the floodplain in the middle reaches is up to 1 km. On Nuya are located: d. Chukaly-on-Nue, with. Nizovka (Atyashevsky district), pos. Inelei (Ichalkovsky district), etc.

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Partza River Partza is a river, the right tributary of Vada. The length is 117 km (in the Republic of Moldova - 92), the catchment area is 2,700 km2 (in the Republic of Moldova - 2,200). It originates 8 km east of the village of Ivantsevo, Bednodemyanovsky district, Penza region, flows in the western part of Mordovia. The density of the river network is 0.33 km/km2. Channel width - up to 15 m, depth - up to 1.5 m. Zubova Polyana 4.73 m3/s. The village is located on Parts. Yasnaya Polyana, Zubovo-Polyansky district, etc.

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Insar River Insar is a river, the right tributary of the Alatyr. The length is 168 km, the catchment area is 3,860 km2 (in the Republic of Moldova - 3,820 km2). It originates near the village of Aleksandrovka, Insarsky district, flows in the central part of Mordovia. Main tributaries: Karnai, Tavla, Penzyatka, Amorda, Bolshaya Atma, Ladka. The density of the river network is 0.62 km/km2. The territory of the basin is mostly plowed. Lakes and swamps occupy less than 1%, forests - 8% of the total area. The food is mixed. The average water consumption near the city of Saransk is 7.89 m3/s. The width of the channel in the lower reaches is up to 20 m, the depth is up to 2 m. Ruzaevka, Saransk, pos. Romodanovo and others settlements. Another name (Tatar) is Zara.

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The River Men Me Men is a river, the left tributary of the Sura. The length is 85 km (in the Republic of Moldova - 60 km), the catchment area is 710 km2. It originates 1.5 km east of the village. Varmazeyka of the Bolsheignatovsky region, flows in the Ardatovsky region and Chuvashia. Tributaries: Karmoley, Suralei, Near Tulupikha. The density of the river network is 0.72 km/km2. The food is mixed. The annual water flow in the lower reaches is 8 m3/s. Average mineralization of water - 300 - 450 mg/l. The width of the channel is 3-5 m, in the lower reaches - up to 10, the depth - 0.5-1.0, in some places - up to 1.5 m. Kirzhemany, Gorki (Bolsheignatovsky district), Soldatskoye (Ardatovsky district).

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The Vysha River Vysha is a river, the right tributary of the Tsna. The length is 179 km, the catchment area is 4,570 km2. It flows along the southwestern border of the Republic of Moldova in the Zubovo-Polyansky district for 24 km. The density of the river network is 0.43 km/km2. In the Republic of Moldova, the width of the channel is 18-20 m, the depth is 1.5-2.0 m.

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Alatyr River Alatyr is a river, the left tributary of the Sura. The length is 296 km (in the Republic of Moldova - 130 km), the catchment area is 11,200 km2 (in the Republic of Moldova - 7,880 km2). It originates 9 km northwest of the village. Alatyr, Pervomaisky district, Nizhny Novgorod region, flows in northeastern Mordovia and Chuvashia. The main tributaries in Mordovia are: Irset, Rudnya, Kemlyatka, Insar, Nuya, Ineleika, Barakhmanka. Food is mainly snow, partly ground and rain. The average water consumption at the village. Turgenevo, Ardatovsky district 40.3 m3/s. The average mineralization of water is 300-450 mg/l. The width of the channel is 20-50 m, the average depth on the stretches is 2-3 m, on the rifts 0.2-0.4 m. The basin is sharply asymmetric: the right bank is 74%, the left bank is 26% of the total area. Meadow steppes, broad-leaved and mixed forests are widespread. On the territory of the Alatyr basin, the area of lakes and swamps is less than 1%, forests - 25%. On Alatyr in the Republic of Moldova are located the city of Ardatov, pos. Turgenevo and other settlements.

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Piyavskoye Lake is the largest karst reservoir in Mordovia. It was formed in the valley of the Yuzga River - this is approximately 15 kilometers from the village of Ivanovka. The area of the water surface of Lake Piyavskoe reaches 9 hectares. The reservoir has an excellent location, almost from all sides it is surrounded pine forest, and only with one - deciduous. Unlike other lakes, the water in Piyavka has a special, brownish color. This shade is achieved due to the presence of peat. The lake is transformed at the moment of flowering of yellow and snow-white water lilies, and rosettes of frog water color also look amazing. Research carried out by biologists has revealed that there are 51 species of vascular plants, some species of lichens and mosses, as well as many birds and insects on the lake and its adjacent territory. Lake Piyavskoye belongs to the water monuments of regional significance, because reservoirs with a basin of this kind, on the territory of Mordovia, are extremely rare. Russia, Republic of Mordovia, Tengushevsky district Lake Piyavskoe

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The Mordovian region has long been famous for a large number of beautiful reservoirs. Among them is the Mordovian Lake, or, it is also called Lake Vad. The lake was formed as a result of the confluence of some karst failures in the bed of the Vadok River. The lake is quite large, its area covers about 13 hectares. The peculiarity of the reservoir is its unique hydrological regime. From the bottom, from karst funnels, powerful jets beat cold water, thereby forming diverging concentric circles on the surface of the lake. Local residents say that there are years when in winter, the water above the woklines does not freeze at all, due to the intense pressure of groundwater. The location of the lake and the purity of its waters is an excellent place for the habitat of some species of rare animals and the growth of certain representatives of the flora (Lesel's chastuha, hairy ranunculus and others). Since 1983, Mordovskoe Lake has been classified as a water natural monument of local importance. Today, the lake is popular among connoisseurs of diving, fishermen and spearfishers. For vacationers and tourists, a dive center and a hotel Alatyr Mordovskoe Ozero were opened on the shore of the lake

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When it comes to the picturesque places of Mordovia, it is simply impossible not to remember the most beautiful lake - Inerka. It is located in the valley of the Sura River, about seventy kilometers from Saransk. In the Mordovian language, the name of the lake "Inerka" means "Great Lake". This name fully corresponds to the characteristics of the lake, since its total area reaches 44 hectares, and its length of three kilometers and width of two hundred meters give it the full right to be called that. Inerka has an elongated shape, and the transparency of the water, which remains at a depth of up to two meters, allows many waterfowl to live and nest, such as terns and waders. The lake always attracts many tourists and local residents, Inerka looks especially bright and colorful during the flowering period of water lilies. A no less fascinating panorama is formed around the lake: coniferous and deciduous forests give an amazing aroma and purity to the air, and they are also the habitat of roe deer, eagle owls, golden eagles, desmans and other inhabitants of the fauna. Lake Inerka belongs to natural monuments of republican significance. In addition, various public events, competitions and concerts are often held on the lake. Russia, Mordovia, Bolshebereznikovsky district Lake Inerka

The Republic of Mordovia is one of the subjects Russian Federation located in the European part of the country. In this article, we will tell you in detail about the main natural features and hydrography of the region. In addition, here you will find a description of the rivers of Mordovia - Sura, Moksha, Issa and other significant watercourses of the republic.

Geography of Mordovia: a brief overview

The Republic of Mordovia is located in the eastern part of the Russian Plain, 400 kilometers southeast of Moscow. It borders on Chuvashia, Nizhny Novgorod, Ulyanovsk, Penza and Ryazan regions. The area of the region is 26.13 sq. km, and the population - about 800 thousand people. The capital of the republic is the city of Saransk.

From the point of view of orography and relief, the territory of Mordovia can be conditionally divided into two parts: the western plain and the eastern elevated. Maximum point earth's surface- 324 meters above sea level. The climate in Mordovia is temperate continental with a pronounced seasonality; up to 500 mm of precipitation falls in the region per year.

There are three types of landscapes on the territory of the republic: steppe, meadow and forest. Oaks, ash-trees, maples, elms, birches, spruces and pines grow in the forests of Mordovia. The fauna is typical of the forest-steppe natural area. Moose, wild boars, hares, foxes, squirrels, muskrats, beavers, martens, jerboas and other animal species are found here.

The national composition is represented by Russians (53%), Tatars (5%), as well as Mordovian ethnic groups (about 40%) - Moksha and Erzya. Administratively, the territory of the republic is divided into 22 districts. There are seven cities, 13 urban-type settlements and over a thousand villages in Mordovia.

Rivers and lakes of Mordovia

The total number of natural watercourses (rivers and streams) in Mordovia is 1525. This is quite a large number for such a small region. If you look at physical map Republic, you can see that its surface is evenly and rather densely “decorated” with thin blue veins. Here is the full-flowing Alatyr, and the measured Sivin, and the unusually winding Moksha ...

The rivers in Mordovia are fed mainly by groundwater and rainfall. Low water on them is established in early June and lasts until about mid-October. Freeze usually forms in the first decade of December. By the end of winter, the thickness of the ice shell on the Mordovian rivers can reach 40-60 centimeters, and in especially severe winters - up to one meter.

The main rivers of Mordovia are the Sura and Moksha. All other watercourses of the republic belong to their basins. But all of them ultimately carry their waters to the majestic Volga. The ten largest rivers of the Republic of Mordovia are listed below:

Moksha.
Sura.
Insar.
Sivin.
Issa.
Alatyr.
Windray.
Rudnya.
Drunk.

Mordovia can be safely called the lake region. The total water area of natural reservoirs of the republic is 21,000 hectares, which corresponds to 0.9% of the total area of the region. Most of the lakes of Mordovia are oxbow lakes (the oxbow lakes are fragments of old river channels) and are located in floodplains. The largest of them is Inerka. FROM Erzya language The name of this reservoir is translated as “great lake”.

Sura

The Sura flows along the southeastern outskirts of the republic, playing the role of its natural border with the neighboring Ulyanovsk region. It is the third largest tributary of the Volga and the second longest river in Mordovia (120 km within the region).

The Sura is a typical flat river, one of the most picturesque in the Volga Upland. The watercourse is characterized by moderate sinuosity, a sandy-pebble bottom, an abundance of shallows and spits. The right bank of the river is usually steep and precipitous, with outcrops in the form of chalk or limestone rocks. The left bank is lower and more gentle. Sandy beaches on it alternate with thickets of willow and shrubs.

The bed of the Sura within Mordovia is ideal for simple tourist kayaking. There are several children's camps and recreation centers on the banks of the river. There are many lakes in the floodplain of the Sura, including the already mentioned Inerka.

Moksha

Moksha is the largest river in Mordovia. Within the region, its length is 320 km, which is equal to half of the total length of this watercourse. Moksha begins in the Penza region. In Mordovia, it receives a number of large tributaries - Issa, Sivin, Urey, Satis and others. The mouth of the Moksha is also located outside of Mordovia. The river flows into the Oka already in the Ryazan region.

Moksha is a flat river with a calm course. Its channel forms many meanders and oxbow lakes. The left bank of the river is steep almost throughout its entire length, and the right bank is gentle, which is not typical for the watercourses of the Northern Hemisphere. The width of Moksha varies from 5 meters in the upper reaches to a record 85 meters near the city of Krasnoslobodsk.

Alatyr

Alatyr is the largest tributary of the Sura. Within the boundaries of Mordovia is the middle and lower reaches of the river. The length of this watercourse within the republic is 130 kilometers.

Alatyr is distinguished in the relief by a fairly wide floodplain. So, near the village of Kemlya, its width reaches five kilometers. In the spring, almost all of this space is periodically flooded with water. At the same time, the width of the Alatyr channel itself does not exceed 80 meters. Both banks of the river are steep and precipitous; there are many lakes and swamps in the valley.

Insar

This is the largest inland river of Mordovia. Insar originates in the vicinity of the village of Aleksandrovka, and then flows through the central part of the republic. The watercourse is characterized by snow feeding. Insar freezes in November, and opens in early April.

On this river, like beads, a number of cities, towns and villages are strung, including the capital of the region, Saransk. By the way, it was on the banks of the Insar that the Mordovia Arena, a football stadium that hosted four matches of the 2018 FIFA World Cup, was built. It is curious that the city of Insar is not located on the watercourse of the same name, but on the Issa River.

Drunk

Another large tributary of the Sura captures a small piece of Mordovian land - this is the Pyana River. It flows through the territory of the Bolsheignatovsky district for only 28 kilometers. The width of the Pyana channel in Mordovia does not exceed 5-7 meters. Within the region, its appearance changes from sections of the "brook type" to wider sections, dammed by village bridges.

The etymology of the name of the river is curious. There are several hypotheses about this. The most common and most obvious version associates the hydronym with the bizarre and unusual sinuosity of the watercourse itself. Here is how the Russian writer and publicist Melnikov-Pechersky wrote about this river:

Even the first Russian inhabitants called the Drunken River for the fact that it staggers, it dangles in all directions, exactly a drunken woman, and, after going five hundred miles in twists and turns, runs up to its source and almost near it pours into Sura.

Issa

Issa is one of the right tributaries of the Moksha. The length of the river within the Republic of Mordovia reaches almost a hundred kilometers, and the catchment area is 1800 square meters. km. The maximum width of the Issa is 50 meters, and the depth of its channel does not exceed one and a half meters. In Mordovia, the river takes in the waters of 33 small tributaries. The total length of the Issa river system, together with all its tributaries, is relatively small - only 480 kilometers.

Sivin

Sivin is the right tributary of the Moksha, 124 kilometers long. The river flows out of a swamp near the village of Pushkino. This, by the way, is the largest river in Mordovia, the basin of which is located entirely within the republic.

The feeding of the river is mixed, Sivin provides its water content both due to rain and snowmelt waters. During the summer low water period, it also feeds on underground sources. The width of the channel reaches 30 meters in the lower reaches. The river is quite deep (up to 3 meters). The bottom is mostly sandy, sometimes rocky (in particular, near the village of the same name Sivin). Within Mordovia, the river receives 12 tributaries. The largest among them are Ozhga, Avgura and Shishkeevka.

In hell

The Vad is another major tributary of the Moksha, whose source and mouth are located outside of Mordovia. The river begins in the Penza region and flows into the Moksha already on the territory of the Ryazan region. The total length of the watercourse is 222 km, within the borders of the republic - 114 km. In Mordovia, Vad receives the waters of several tributaries. The largest among them are Partza and Yavas.

The food of the river is mixed, with a predominance of snow. The depth of the channel varies from one meter to 20-30 centimeters in the riffles. In Mordovia, the Vad flows mainly through wooded and swampy areas.

The lake is quite large, its area covers about 13 hectares. The peculiarity of the reservoir is its unique hydrological regime. From the bottom, from karst funnels, powerful jets of cold water beat, thereby forming diverging concentric circles on the surface of the lake. Local residents say that there are years when in winter, the water above the woklines does not freeze at all, due to the intense pressure of groundwater.

The location of the lake and the purity of its waters is an excellent place for the habitat of some species of rare animals and the growth of certain representatives of the flora (Lesel's chastuha, hairy ranunculus and others). Since 1983, Mordovskoe Lake has been classified as a water natural monument of local importance.

Today, the lake is popular among connoisseurs of diving, fishermen and spearfishers. For vacationers and tourists, a dive center and a hotel were opened on the shore of the lake

Lake Shelubey

Tengushevsky district of Mordovia can be safely called the heart of lakes and reservoirs. It was here, not far from the village of Shelubey, that the oxbow lake of the same name overflowed.

The dimensions of the lake are quite impressive: its length reaches 2200 meters, and its width is 100 meters, while the average depth reaches 3 meters. The reservoir is distinguished by clean and transparent water, which is also fresh. The lake is surrounded by mixed vegetation: the northern side is covered with black alder and other types of trees, and the southeastern part is covered with floodplain meadows.

Lake Shelubey is the habitat of many rare species plants that are listed in the Red Book: grass-leaved chastuha, yellow egg pod, grass pondweed. In addition, insect species such as dolomedes spiders and silverfish are also protected species. Crested duck, beaver, field harrier, common toad and muskrat are found on the reservoir. Considering the entire list of rare species of flora and fauna, one of the main functions of the lake is the preservation of these species of plants, animals and insects.

Along with many other lakes in the Tengushevsky Territory, Lake Shelubey also belongs to a specially protected natural area.

Lake Inerka

This name fully corresponds to the characteristics of the lake, since its total area reaches 44 hectares, and its length of three kilometers and width of two hundred meters give it the full right to be called that. Inerka has an elongated shape, and the transparency of the water, which remains at a depth of up to two meters, allows many waterfowl to live and nest, such as terns and waders.

The lake always attracts many tourists and locals. Inerka looks especially bright and colorful during the flowering of water lilies. A no less fascinating panorama is formed around the lake: coniferous and deciduous forests give an amazing aroma and purity to the air, and they are also the habitat of roe deer, eagle owls, golden eagles, desmans and other inhabitants of the fauna.

Lake Inerka belongs to natural monuments of republican significance. In addition, various public events, competitions and concerts are often held on the lake.

Lake Piyavskoe

The reservoir has an excellent location, almost on all sides it is surrounded by a pine forest, and only on one side is deciduous. Unlike other lakes, the water in Piyavka has a special, brownish color. This shade is achieved due to the presence of peat.

The lake is transformed at the moment of flowering of yellow and snow-white water lilies, and rosettes of frog water color also look amazing. Research carried out by biologists has revealed that there are 51 species of vascular plants, some species of lichens and mosses, as well as many birds and insects on the lake and its adjacent territory.

Lake Piyavskoye belongs to the water monuments of regional significance, because reservoirs with a basin of this kind, on the territory of Mordovia, are extremely rare.

Sights of Saransk

Lakes of Mordovia
There are about 500 lakes in Mordovia.
Lacustrine depressions in origin
predominantly river (floodplain
lakes). All lakes are different
depth and richness of the organic world.
Main power sources -
surface runoff, precipitation and
ground water

Mordovian lake
was formed as a result of the confluence of some karst
dips in the Vadok riverbed. The area of the lake is about 13
hectares. The peculiarity of the reservoir is its unique
hydrological regime. From the bottom of the karst funnels
powerful jets of cold water hit, thereby
forming on the surface of the lake divergent
concentrated circles. locals
they say that there are years when in winter the water is not
froze completely, due to the intense pressure of the water.
The location of the lake and the purity of its waters is
great habitat for some species
rare animals and plants (Lezel's chastuha, ranunculus
hairy and others).

Mordovian
lake

Piyavskoe lake
the largest karst reservoir in the territory
Mordovia. It was formed in the valley of the river Yuzga.
The area of the water surface of Lake Piyavskoe reaches
9 hectares. The reservoir is surrounded on almost all sides.
pine forest, and only one deciduous. Water in
The leech is distinguished by a special brownish color.
This shade is achieved due to the presence
peat. The lake is transformed at the moment of flowering
water lilies yellow and white. Held
research biologists have identified on the lake and
adjacent territory, there are 51 species
vascular plants, some types of lichens and
mosses, as well as many birds and insects.

Piyavskoe lake

Inerka
When it comes to the picturesque places of Mordovia, then
it is impossible not to mention Inerka. It is located in
Sura river valley. In Mordovian, the name of the lake
"Inerka" means "Great Lake". total lake area
reaches 44 hectares, and a length of three kilometers and a width of
two hundred meters. Inerka has an oblong shape, and
transparency of water, which is preserved at a depth of up to two
meters, allows many to live and nest
waterfowl such as terns and waders. Lake
attracts many tourists. especially bright and
Inerka looks colorful during the flowering of water lilies.
Coniferous and deciduous forests give an amazing aroma and
clean air, and they are also a place of residence
roe deer, eagle owls, golden eagle, muskrat and other inhabitants
fauna.

Lake Inerka

Shelubey lake
The dimensions of the lake are quite impressive: length 2200 m,
width 100 m, while the average depth reaches 3
meters. The reservoir is characterized by clean and clear water,
which is still fresh. The lake is surrounded by vegetation
mixed type: north side covered
black alder and other types of trees, and the southeastern one is covered with floodplain meadows. Lake Shelubey
is a habitat for many rare plant species,
which are listed in the Red Book: grass-leaved chastuha,
yellow egg capsule, cereal pondweed. Moreover, these types
insects like dolomedesi spiders, silverfish, also
are classified as protected species. Found in a pond
crested duck, beaver, field harrier, common toad and
muskrat. Considering the entire list of rare species of flora and
fauna, one of the main functions of the lake is to preserve
all these types of plants, insects, animals.

Lake Shelubey

Rivers of Mordovia
There are 1525 rivers in the Republic of Mordovia. Their common
length over 9000 km. Rivers have
mixed food: snow prevails
60-90%, underground 7-20%, value
rain runoff 5-10%

Moksha
the second largest river in Mordovia. She is
It is a right tributary of the Oka River. Her length
656 km. (in Mordovia 320 km.), Basin area
51 thousand sq. km. Along the river until the mid-1990s.
shipping was carried out. From the fish in Moksha
found: perch, bream, pike perch, roach, burbot, pike and
other Moksha is a typically flat river. Valley of her
well expressed. Moksha channel width
ranges from 50 to 80 meters. On the river
there is a well-known health-improving complex - a sanatorium
"Moksha".

Moksha river

Issa
right tributary of the Moksha. Length 149 km. (in
within the Republic 98 km). Starts
in the Penza region, flows in the south
Mordovia. Major tributaries in Mordovia
- Insarka and Seitma. Channel width
in the lower reaches up to 50 m, the average depth is 1.01.5 m. Insar is located on Issus. In a river
fish lives: pike, carp, bream, pike perch,
burbot, gudgeon, etc.

Issa river

In hell
(Big Vad) river in Russia, left
tributary of the Moksha River (Oka basin). Length
river Vad 222 km., basin area - 6500
sq. km. Winding, mostly forested.
It originates in the forests of the Penza region.
It flows through Mordovia in a swampy
plain surrounded by forests. Width
channel reaches 30 meters, the depth is about
1 meter.

Wad River

Sura
right tributary of the Volga. The length of the river is 841 km
(on the territory of the Republic 120 km). Beret
start at s. Sursky Peaks of Ulyanovsk
areas. It flows in Nizhny Novgorod,
Penza regions, Mordovia and
Chuvashia. The largest rivers in the basin
Sura: Alatyr, Insar, Drunk, Me. On the
Sura is located in the village of Bolshie Berezniki.
Sura is a flat river with moderate
winding path. Channel width 80-160
meters. Fish live in the river: catfish, bream,
zander, sabrefish, perch, crucian carp, etc.

Sura river

Alatyr
left tributary of the Sura River. The length of the river is 296 km. (On
territory of Mordovia 130 km.) The river originates
9 km. northwest of the Alatyr
Nizhny Novgorod region. A river flows in northeastern Mordovia (including in Ichalkovsky
district) and Chuvashia. Major tributaries in
Mordovia - Irset, Rudnya, Kemlyatka, Insar, Nuya.
Food is mostly snow, partly ground
and rainy. Channel width
20-50m., average depth on stretches 2-3. In a river
inhabited by fish - roach, pike, burbot, crucian,
perch, bleak, etc.

Alatyr River

Confluence of Sura and Alatyr

Rudnya
Right tributary of the Alatyr River. River length 90
km. It flows in the central part of Mordovia
and in the Nizhny Novgorod region. Main tributaries:
Irsen, Konopatka, Rudnyachka. Channel width in
lower reaches - up to 10 m, depth up to 1 m.
The shores are mostly gentle, overgrown with willow.
Fish live in the river: pike, perch, dace,
gudgeon, roach.

Rudnya river

Love your native nature - lakes, rivers,
forests and fields!
After all, this is our land with you.
On it you and I were born, we live
we are with you on it.
So let's go, people, all together
We treat her kindly.

The Republic of Mordovia, located in the center of the Russian Plain, has about 500 lakes on its territory. Almost all of them are floodplain, otherwise they are called oxbow lakes. They are very popular with fishermen. The largest lake in the republic is Inerka. This name is translated from the Erzi language - "great lake". Its area is 0.44 sq. km. The second largest is Lake Shelubey. The size of its water surface is 0.18 sq. km. The third is Lake Imerka - 0.14 sq. km. The latter is a unique natural water monument and is protected by the state. There are two more in the republic large lakes- Mordovian and Piyavskoe. All other lakes of Mordovia are small, but the fish in them is found in large quantities. These are attractive for numerous guests of the republic who prefer to rest on the shore of a beautiful lake with a fishing rod in their hands.

The lakes in the region are floodplain and do not differ in great depths. They are inhabited by fish species that prefer warm water. Fishing in Mordovia is carried out mainly on large lakes, in which there are as many types of fish as you will not find in the surrounding regions. About thirty species of fish live in the lakes of Mordovia. Pike, carp, crucian carp of two species, bream, ide, minnow perch are abundant and often become the prey of fishermen. There are loach, minnow, rotan, there is a catfish. With such an abundance of fish, it is difficult to remain without a catch, but spawning periods should be taken into account.