Presentation on the theme "Belogorye Reserve". Presentation "reserved places of the Belgorod region"

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specially protected natural areas Belgorod region Prepared by: Rozhnova V.M.

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The reserve "Belogorye", created in 1979, is located in the Belgorod region in the area of ​​untouched oak forests, as well as in the meadow-steppe areas, where primary and riverine rocky limestones are common, the latter in the form of cliffs. The structure of the reserve "Belogorye" includes "Forest on Vorskla" - also a protected area, created back in 1925. In 1999, the Belogorye Reserve included 4 isolated clusters, 2 of which belonged to the Central Chernozemny Reserve.

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At present, the structure of the Belogorye Reserve includes the following sections: the Forest on Vorskla and Ostrasyevy Yars sections of the Borisovsky District, the Bald Mountains and Yamskaya Steppe near the town of Stary Oskol, Gubkinsky District, and the Walls of Izgorye, Novooskolsky.

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Forest on Vorskla Forest on Vorskla, a nature reserve in the southwestern part of the Central Russian Upland, in the Belgorod Region. Founded in 1925, has existed within its current borders since 1979. The area is 1038 hectares, 990 hectares are covered by forests. The relief is flat, slightly hilly, typical of the Central Russian forest-steppe. . The forest on Vorskla is a centuries-old oak forest of the Central Russian forest-steppe. About 500 species of plants are registered in the reserve, both centuries-old oak forests and steppe vegetation, meadow steppes are typical. Since the reserve is located in a densely populated area, the fauna of the reserve is not rich. A total of 45 species of mammals and 70 species of birds have been noted. Wild boar, roe deer, elk, pine and stone martens, weasel, badger, squirrel, fox, hare are characteristic. Of the birds - gray heron, black kite, kestrel, tawny owl, hobby falcon, roller, saker falcon. Acclimatized raccoon dog.

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Relatively recently, the reserve was transferred from local to federal subordination. Neither more nor less - directly to the Ministry natural resources Russian Federation It is curious that in the 18th century the oak forest was preserved due to some paradox. On the one hand, during the time of Peter the Great, powerful oaks were actively used to build ships.

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The coat of arms and the main "chip" of the reserve are powerful old oaks, 250-300 years old. These giants are visible from afar. Ash trees, maples, aspens and other growths do not dare to come close to the powerful kings of the reserve.

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Yamskaya steppe The Yamskaya steppe is part of the state biosphere reserve"Belogorye". The area of ​​the reserve is 566 hectares, it is located 8 km from the city of Gubkin.

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More than 250 years ago, the virgin steppe with an area of ​​1200 acres belonged to the inhabitants of the Yamskaya settlement of Stary Oskol. Coachmen and pits (parking lots for changing horses on roadways) ensured the movement of government officials and mail. The settlement had its own land used for grazing and haymaking. Communal use of them contributed to the preservation of virgin lands. As a unique virgin corner of nature, the Yamskaya Steppe was discovered in 1921 by Professor V.V. Alekhin in the study of the vegetation of the Kursk province. Since 1935, the site has become a protected area.

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There are about 500 species of plants in the reserve. Main wealth protected area- meadow steppes. Of particular value is the vegetation of the meadow steppes at the outcrops of the chalk. These are feather grass, low sedge, Cretaceous thyme and other species. There are also endemic plants (these are plants that grow only in this place, and nowhere else). This is ephedra two-eared, Kozo-Polyansky's breaker. All of them are relatives of the mountain plants of Mongolia, the south of Siberia and the Southern Urals, such communities are called "lowered Alps". Feather grass, cretaceous backache requires special protection.

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Walls of Izgorye Reserve area of ​​federal importance of the state biosphere reserve Belogorye. It is located on the left steep banks of the Oskol River between the villages of Peschanka and Tavolzhanka, 10 km from the city of Novy Oskol. Created by order of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 17, 1995. The site includes an upland oak forest, a black alder forest, a floodplain meadow with oxbow lakes and lakes, artificial plantations of black poplar, Scotch pine, exposed chalk slopes of the southern and western exposures of Zhestovaya Gora and Tavolzhansky Log with relic groups of “lowered Alps” and thyme forests, slopes of the ravine and the edge of the tract Walls, covered with steppe groups and steppe meadows.

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In the flora of the protected area there are about 700 species of vascular plants, 356 species of flowering plants. Of these, 9 are listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation, 46 in the Red Book of the Belgorod Region, including: some orchids, feather grasses, onosma, Sofia's wolfberry. Has a unique combination natural complexes: upland oak forest with chalky pines, feather grass steppes, chalky outcrops, marshy gray alder forests. This is the only place in Russia where you can find Cretaceous pine, Altai wolf, Cretaceous pine. The plot area is 267 hectares.

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Wetlands and forests of the "Stenki-Izgorye" protected area are an important reserve for the conservation of animals, including nesting birds.

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Ostrasiev Yars New plot of the reserve - the forest-steppe ravine "Ostrasievy Yars", or the tract Low (area 90 hectares), was created in 1995. It includes about 20 hectares of meadow steppe and a plot of ravine forest. About 400 species of vascular plants grow here. Among them are feather grass, different kinds astragalov, Ukrainian flax, etc.

Specially protected territories of the Belgorod region

Karnaukhova M.V.

Jafarova U. R.

Manokhina S. I.

Hello forest! Dense forest, Full of fairy tales and wonders! What are you making noise about? On a dark, stormy night, What are you whispering to us at dawn All in dew, as in silver? Who is hiding in your wilderness? What kind of animal? What bird? Open everything, do not hide: You see, we are ours.

• Beam Khvoshchevataya;
• Borki tract:
• Veidel steppe;

• Ostrasiev Yars;
• Reserve Rovensky;

• specially protected area, botanical reserve of regional importance on the territory of the Krasnensky district of the Belgorod region .
• The total area of ​​the reserve is 11 hectares.
• For the first time, the Khvoshchevataya ravine received the status of a specially protected area in 1991.
• Within the reserve, vegetation is represented by forb-feather grass steppe. Along the perimeter, the reserve is surrounded by fields where agricultural crops are cultivated.

Balka Khvoshchevataya

The Forest Department of the Belgorod Region is responsible for ensuring the protection of the Khvoshchevataya ravine botanical reserve

• - a reserve located near the village of Malomikhailovka (before the revolution - Bekaryukovka) in the Shebekinsky district of the Belgorod region.
• Area - 66 hectares, established in 1995. The best-preserved location of the Cretaceous pine in the region. It is located on the right bank of the Nezhegol River.
• The species composition of the site's vegetation includes up to 368 species of flowering plants, including rare ones.

• state natural reserve located in the Belgorod region of the Russian Federation.
• Created in 1999 on the basis of the Forest on Vorskla reserve that existed since the 1920s.
• In 1979, the "Forest on Vorskla" again received the status of a reserve.
• Territory of the state nature reserve"Belogorye" consists of 5 isolated plots (clusters) located in Borisovsky, Gubkinsky and Novooskolsky districts of the Belgorod region, with a total area of ​​2131 hectares.

• The modern vegetation cover of the reserve is the result of a long and complex history of the flora and vegetation of the forest-steppe zone.
• In the depressions of the steppe ravines, the remnants of a characteristic element of the forest-steppe - "ravine" forests, where low oaks, maples and shrubs grow - blackthorn, hawthorn, buckthorn, etc.

includes 5 clusters in different districts of the region:

Plot

Area

Square

Borisovsky

Ostrasiev Yars

Borisovsky

Novooskolsky

Gubkinsky

Gubkinsky

• botanical reserve of regional importance in the Krasnensky district of the Belgorod region .
• The total area is 70 hectares.
• Most of the Big Log is covered with steppe vegetation. On the right, eastern slope of the gully, there are numerous outcrops of chalk, to which the vegetation of the lowered Alps is confined.
• In 2012, the Big Log was included in the perspective sections of the Emerald Network of Europe in the Belgorod Region.

Borki tract -

• botanical reserve of regional importance in the Valuysky district of the Belgorod region. Also known as Petrovsky Borki.
• . The total area of ​​the tract is 220 hectares. In the north, the reserve borders on the village of Borki, and in the south it is surrounded by fields of agricultural crops along the perimeter.
• Three species of plants listed in the Red Book of Russia grow in the Borki tract: Sofia's wolfberry, Alaunian cotoneaster, and pinnate feather grass.

Veidel steppe -

• a fragment of preserved steppe vegetation in the Veidelevskaya district of the Belgorod region. On its territory there is a regional botanical reserve Urochische Gniloye.
• The total area of ​​the botanical reserve is 60 hectares. Of these, 10 hectares fall on the forest part and 50 hectares - on the steppe.
• Most of the botanical reserve is covered with feather grass steppe, which is dominated by narrow-leaved feather grass. A number of plant species listed in the Red Book of Russia are found here: multi-colored brandushka, low iris, feathery feather grass, fragrant levkoy, large-flowered kopek.

• plot Reserve "Belogorye", located in the vicinity of the village of Borisovka, on the right bank of the upper reaches of the Vorskla River. Total area: 1038 ha. Protected zone: 488 ha.
• The territory of the site is bordered by rivers on three sides: from the south and east - the Vorskla, from the west - the Gotnya (a tributary of the Vorskla) with a tributary of the Loknya.
• On the territory of the Central Black Earth region, this is the only old-growth oak forest that has survived to this day. 100-110-year-old plantations dominate. About 160 hectares are occupied by oak forests over 300 years old.

• a section of the Belogorye nature reserve, located in the vicinity of the village of Borisovka, on the right bank of the upper reaches of the Vorskla River. Total area: 1038 ha. Protected zone: 488 ha.
• In 1979, the "Forest on Vorskla" again received the status of a reserve.
• The relief of the territory, despite its small size, is very diverse and typical of upland oak forests of the forest-steppe.
• The site "Forest on Vorskla" is an upland oak forest located on the right high bank of the Vorskla River. On the territory of the Central Black Earth region, this is the only old-growth oak forest that has survived to this day. 100-110-year-old plantations dominate. About 160 hectares are occupied by oak forests over 300 years old.

• a section of the Belogorye nature reserve, located 3 kilometers southwest of the city of Gubkin, in the upper reaches of one of the right tributaries of the Oskol River.
• The Bald Mountains tract has long been known in scientific circles as one of the habitats rare species plants of the Central Russian Upland, confined to the communities of "lowered Alps
• In 1999, the Lysyye Gory site became part of the Belogorye nature reserve, newly formed on the basis of the previously existing Les na Vorskla nature reserve.

• it's regional natural Park located in the Rovensky district of the Belgorod region. It is subordinated to the Belogorye nature reserve.
• The Rovensky Nature Park includes five sections:

Aidarsky, Bald Mountain, Nagolnensky, Nizhneserebyansky, Sarma.

• protected area of ​​federal significance of the state biosphere reserve Belogorye. It is located on the left steep banks of the Oskol River between the villages of Peschanka and Tavolzhanka, 10 km from the city of Novy Oskol. The plot area is 267 hectares.
• It is a place of growth and habitat of relic, small, rare and endangered species of plants and animals. It has a unique combination of natural complexes: upland oak forest with chalky pines, feather grass steppes, chalky outcrops, marshy gray alder forests. This is the only place in Russia where you can find Cretaceous pine, Altai wolfgrass, Cretaceous Smolevka

• botanical reserve of regional importance in the Belgorod district of the Belgorod region.
• The Shopino steppe is located on the western outskirts of the village of Shopino, adjoining its eastern border to the Moscow-Simferopol highway. The total area is 3 hectares.
• The Shopinskaya steppe is located on a steep slope of northern exposure, descending to the Erik floodplain. In some places there are chalk outcrops on it.
• The variety of vegetation cover has been preserved due to the large slope of the territory, which makes it difficult to visit the territory and economic activity on her. 117 species of plants belonging to 29 families grow in the Shopinskaya steppe

• the section of the Belogorye nature reserve, located 10 kilometers southeast of the city of Gubkin, is confined to the watershed of the small rivers Chufichka and Dubenka, which belong to the Oskol river basin. Area: 566 hectares, protected zone: 1400 hectares (width 1 km).

We are people, we are children of nature. We are part of it. And what are we doing? Having declared war on her, forgetting about everything in the world, In the end, we will destroy ourselves. And now we have only one thing left: Take care of what is, store it like a wonderful garden, Your home, your native land, your reserve, Your nature, your priceless

treasure!

In the forests in high hollows they live the bats, squirrels, stone martens. Yellow-throated mice, redheads and bush voles live in old stumps and basal hollows. Shrews hide in the forest litter. Foxes and badgers forage for themselves in the area of ​​high-stemmed areas. Roe deer and elk feed on euonymus, while wild boars stay all winter in good years. Jackdaws, woodpeckers, roller-rollers, sparrows, swifts, nuthatches, common owls predominate in the age-old oak forest. A colony of gray herons lives in the central part. Black kites are settling in the vicinity. A large colony of rooks lives on a site of tall oak forests. White storks nest on edge oaks. Bark beetles, barbels, goldfish live in the bark of dying trees. A lot of insects and pests of the forest. Ungulates and blue hare graze on the edges at night. AT sunny days a mass of bees, bumblebees, butterflies fly over the flowers. In the southern part of the reserve, there are burrows of badgers, foxes, and raccoon dogs. In the thickets of willow and reeds, corncrake chicks, thrush-like and marsh warblers hatch. Various frogs and toads live in marshy places.

The territory of the modern reserve Belogorie has been a special area for several centuries, which is of interest to scientists, industrialists and connoisseurs of nature.

Back in the time of Peter the Great, this region was valued for the wood that was mined in these places. She was building ships. Count Sheremetiev had hunting grounds here, and the whole territory was under the protection of the sovereign. Perhaps this is what saved the most valuable forests from cutting down.

The Belogorye Reserve is a museum of nature with almost century history.

In 1925, on the site of modern Belogorye, a small reserve "Forest on Vorskla" was created on the site of the last remaining untouched riverine oak forests, which are typical for this region and, in general, for the Central Russian forest-steppe. In 1979, other protected zones were created - for meadows and steppes located on limestone outcrops and on limestone cliffs. The whole complex of protected areas was united into the Belogorye nature reserve, as we know it today.

The relief of Belogorye is very diverse. On the territory of the reserve you can find both ravines and beams, the network of which is very developed here. On the territory of the Central Russian Upland is the very "Forest on Vorskla", namely on its southwestern slope.

The terrain: hills, ravines, beams - all this is Belgorod Land.

True, what is not in the reserve is permanent reservoirs or springs. But not far from the outskirts of the Forest, the Vorskla River flows, after which it got its name. protected area. Here is also its tributary - Gotnya, and the tributary of the Gotnya itself, called Loknya.

Flora and fauna on the territory of the Belogorye Reserve

The European roe deer is an inhabitant of Belogorye.

The upland oak forest that fills the "Forest on Vorskla" and the right bank of the river of the same name is a unique forest. The fact is that this is the last surviving old-growth oak forest in the Central Black Earth Region, which has survived to this day. Many species of trees grow here, some of which are already 300 years old. Here you can find aspen, wild apple, pedunculate oak, Norway maple, small-leaved linden and other tree species. There are also those that are listed in the Red Book - the Manchurian apricot, the most beautiful feather grass, balsamic poplar.

The fauna here is also diverse. , fox, badger, polecat, European roe deer - can be found quite often, since their populations are numerous in this area. However, even among the representatives of the fauna there are rare specimens listed in the Red Book, mainly birds, there are more than 10 species of them - bustard, steppe eagle, short-toed eagle and others.

What interesting things can be seen in the Belgorod Reserve?

The nature museum of the reserve is waiting for tourists who go on a tour of Belogorye. Also on its territory you can visit the house-museum of academician Sukachev - an outstanding botanist, forestry specialist and geographer. The convent of the Tikhvin Mother of God was once located here, and today you can see the estate of the former monastery. Both the arboretum and the protected oak forest are worth visiting. There are also guided tours to the 17th century notch line.