Onegin and Tatyana. Episodes: Acquaintance with Tatiana, Conversation with the nanny, Tatiana's letter to Onegin, Explanation in the garden, Tatiana's dream. Name day, Visit to Lensky's house, Departure to Moscow, Meeting at a ball in St. Petersburg after 2 years, Letter to Tatiana (explanation), Evening at Tatiana's,

Onegin and Lensky. Episodes: Acquaintance in the village, Conversation after the evening at the Larins, Lensky's visit to Onegin, Tatyana's name day, Duel (Lensky dies).

Characters

• ?Eugene Onegin - the prototype Pyotr Chaadaev, Pushkin's friend, is named by Pushkin himself in the first chapter.
• ?Tatyana Larina - one of the prototypes can be considered Avdotya (Dunya) Norova, Chaadaev's girlfriend. In this image, you can also find the features of Maria Volkonskaya, the wife of the Decembrist S. G. Volkonsky, a friend of Pushkin, as well as Anna Kern, Pushkin's lover.
• ?Olga Larina, her sister - a generalized image of a typical heroine of popular novels; beautiful in appearance, but devoid of deep content.
• ?Vladimir Lensky - "energetic rapprochement between Lensky and Kuchelbecker, produced by Yu. N. Tynyanov"
• ?Tatyana's nanny - a likely prototype - Arina Rodionovna, Pushkin's nanny
• ? Zaretsky - a duelist, among the prototypes was Fyodor Tolstoy-American
• Tatiana Larina's husband, not named in the novel, "important general", General Kern, Anna Kern's husband.

Interesting Facts

Poetic Features

• The novel is written in a special "Onegin stanza". Each such stanza consists of 14 lines of iambic tetrameter.
• ?The first four lines rhyme crosswise, the lines from the fifth to the eighth - in pairs, the lines from the ninth to the twelfth are connected by a ring rhyme. The remaining 2 lines of the stanza rhyme with each other.

Translations

"Eugene Onegin" has been translated into many languages ​​of the world:

into English by Walter Arndt, Vladimir Nabokov and others;

on the French- I. S. Turgenev and L. Viardot, Jean-Louis Bakes and Roger Legr, Jacques Chirac and others;

on the German- Rolf-Dietrich Keil and others;

into Belarusian - Arkady Kuleshov,

into Ukrainian - M. F. Rylsky,

in Hebrew - Abraham Shlonsky.

into Ossetian - Nafi Dzhusoyty.

In miniature

One of the Russian printing houses in 1837 published the novel "Eugene Onegin" in miniature - the last lifetime edition of A. S. Pushkin. The plans of the printing house were such that in one year the entire circulation (5,000 copies) could be sold at 5 rubles per book. But due to the sensation - the sad outcome of the life of the author of the work - the entire circulation was sold out within a week. And in 1988, the publishing house "Kniga" issued a facsimile edition of the book with a circulation of 15,000 copies.

One of the smallest complete editions of "Eugene Onegin" is a micro-edition in 4 volumes 8x9 mm in size 2002 Omsk, A. I. Konenko

Tenth chapter

November 1949, the chief bibliographer of the Leningrad State Public Library named after M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin D.N. Alshits discovered a manuscript of the second half of the 19th century, presumably with the text of the X chapter of Onegin. According to David Samoilov, "not a single serious literary critic believed in the authenticity of the text" - the style is too unlike Pushkin's and the artistic level is low.

The storyline of Onegin and Lensky performs a very important function in the novel by A. S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin". What united these two heroes in the silence of the village, and then divorced, forcing one to cross the line and become a criminal, and the other a victim of a crime?

If we briefly characterize Eugene Onegin during the period of acquaintance with Vladimir Lensky, then we can say that he was a young man who early enjoyed all the delights of metropolitan life, was disappointed by the empty brilliance of metropolitan tinsel, and therefore cold, reasonable and even to some extent cruel in dealing with others. . He was moping and, as a result, was a stranger to art: a “chilled feeling” prevented him from experiencing delight. On the contrary, Vladimir Lensky is “a handsome man, in full bloom of years, an admirer of Kant and a poet”:

He is from foggy Germany He brought the fruits of learning: Freedom-loving dreams, Spirit ardent and rather strange.

Lensky is optimistic about life, believing that it is full of miracles. He expects fiery love, believes in sincere friendship, in his future glory. All these naive expectations, according to Pushkin, “early agitated the blood in him.” The meaning of his life was poetry:

He sang separation and sadness, And something, and misty distance, And romantic roses.

Describing his hero, Pushkin says that Lensky was brought up by reading Schiller and Goethe (it can be assumed that the young poet had good taste if he chose such great teachers for himself) and was a capable poet:

He sang love, obedient to love, And his song was clear...

But the understanding of "simplicity" and "clarity" of the poet Pushkin and the poet Lensky was somewhat different. For Lensky, these qualities come from ignorance of life, from striving into the world of dreams, they are generated by "poetic prejudices of the soul", while Pushkin meant the simplicity and clarity of poetry, based on a sober look at life, the desire to understand its laws, to find clear forms of its embodiment in artistic images.

Pushkin points to another feature of the character of Lensky the poet: to express his feelings in a bookish, artificial way. Arriving at the grave of Olga's father, Lensky despondently says: "Roog Wopsk ...

' which is a quote from Shakespeare. Despite significant differences in characters and their attitude to life, Lensky and Onegin quickly became friends:

They agreed. Wave and stone. Poetry and prose, ice and fire Not so different from each other.

The author defines this friendship as follows: "there is nothing to do friends." Contradictions accompany friends until the tragic denouement. It is interesting that at first Onegin behaves rather cautiously with a friend. He listens with a smile to Lensky's fiery speeches, while trying not to express his "cooling word" too much.

“Being considered an invalid in love,” Evgeny listens with an air of importance to Lensky’s revelations about his love for Olga, however, when he sees the girl for the first time, he does not refrain from commenting:

... I would choose another, When I was like you, a poet. Olga has no life in features.

These words become the first harbinger of an impending tragedy: they brought Vladimir out of the state of balance that had previously been bestowed on him by love, annoyed and, most likely, angered him. Further, the poet departs from the image of the friendship between Lensky and Onegin, focusing mainly on the development of a love story. After the explanation in the garden, Tatyana by no means stopped loving Onegin.

Her heart is torn from sadness and joyless passion. At the same time, the relationship between Olga and Vladimir reaches a new level: Vladimir, in love, plays with his beloved’s curl, kisses the edge of her clothes, reads a moralizing novel, diligently decorates the pages of her album with unpretentious drawings and gentle poems. The poet draws attention to the fact that Lensky in Olga's album does not write madrigals, but elegies that are full of "living truth".

And this fact is directly related to subsequent events, namely the early death of Lensky. The fact is that the theme of the early death of a young man (poet) was widespread in Russian romantic poetry in the first third of the 19th century. Pushkin himself in 1816 wrote an "Elegy" ("I saw death ..."), the motives of which echo Lensky's poems, introduced by the author into the novel "Eugene Onegin".

The motive of foreboding an early death testified to a painful feeling of the fragility of being. At the beginning of the 19th century, in connection with the events in Europe, this motif expressed the loneliness of a person surrounded by a society hostile to him. Subsequently, this theme became commonplace, with its help the passivity of the individual, the awareness of the futility of the struggle, was cultivated. Among the future Decembrists, a protest arose against the dull elegy, the distribution of which was attributed to Pushkin himself. Hurt by these accusations, the poet included in the fourth chapter of "Eugene Onegin" words in defense of the elegy as a genre. Lensky's poems are very important for the objective characterization of this character as a poet and a certain type of young man - a dreamer.

Lensky is madly in love, these feelings excite him, excite his blood. At the same time, Onegin "lived like an anchorite", leading a measured, orderly lifestyle: walking, reading, deep sleep, an occasional kiss, a whimsical dinner. This order is violated by the events that took place on Tatyana's name day.

Onegin is annoyed by everything: Lensky's stupid love, the reflection of Tatyana's unrequited feelings on her behavior. He is indignant - life, life incomprehensible to him, passes him by. But Onegin is sure that he will be able to prove to everyone that he is right, destroying the spell of love that seemed so beautiful.

Onegin's revenge on both his friend and the girl in love with him is cruel. He resolutely invites Olga to the waltz and during the dance whispers in her ear "some vulgar madrigal". Lensky is indignant, he is not able to endure such a blow of fate: his beautiful beloved is a traitor. There is only one outcome - to protect your honor and dignity by challenging the offender to a duel. At the same time, Lensky anticipates a tragic ending for himself.

As the fateful hour approaches, his dreary mood intensifies:

... His heart sank, full of longing; Saying goodbye to a young maiden, It seemed to be torn.

Onegin Full of sincere repentance, but he is not able to set in motion this repentance and make peace with Lensky. In the duel scene, the author's commentary calls for a reasonable resolution of the conflict situation. Why did friends who recently generously shared with each other their meal, thoughts, and deeds suddenly indulge in malicious revenge? The answer is simple: "secular enmity is afraid of false shame." Thus, the duel scene can be considered the climax in the development of the main conflict of the novel. Onegin's feeling of superiority is imaginary, he obeyed public opinion by killing a friend.

However, having survived physically, he was morally broken: the prejudices of the environment, despised by him, turned out to be stronger than his sincere desires and chilled feelings.

The storyline of Onegin and Lensky in the novel by A. S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin"

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The theme of the novel "Eugene Onegin" (1831) is an image of Russian life in the first quarter of the 19th century. V. G. Belinsky called this work “an encyclopedia of Russian life” (V. G. Belinsky “Works of A. Pushkin”, article 9), because Pushkin in his novel “knew how to touch on so much, to hint about so much that belongs exclusively to to the world of Russian nature, to the world of Russian society" (ibid.). The idea of ​​"Eugene Onegin" is to evaluate the type of a modern young man common in a noble society who cannot find a worthy application for his abilities in the life around him, as they are familiar to the noble circle. life goals he is not satisfied, they seem unworthy and petty. For this reason, such young people are "superfluous" in society.

The plot of the novel is based on the love story of Eugene Onegin and Tatyana Larina. Consequently, the plot will begin with their first meeting in the Larins' house, where Onegin ends up by chance: he wanted to look at Olga, Lensky's "love object". Moreover, the very scene of the first meeting of the main characters in the novel is not described: Onegin and Lensky talk about it, returning home from guests. From their conversation, it is clear the impression that Tatyana made on the title character. Of the two sisters, he singled out Tatyana, noting the unusualness of her appearance and the mediocrity of Olga:

Olga has no life in features.
Exactly the same as Vandy's Madonna.
She is round, red-faced... (3, V)

Tatyana fell in love with Onegin at first sight, which she admitted in her letter:

You just walked in, I instantly knew
All numb, blazed
And in her thoughts she said: here he is! (3, XXXI)

The first meeting of Onegin and Tatyana takes place in the third chapter. This means that the first two chapters of the novel are an exposition of the plot, where the author talks in detail about the two main characters: about their parents, relatives, educators, their favorite activities, characters, habits. The climax of the plot is the explanation of Onegin and Tatyana in the garden, when the hero indifferently refuses the love of an extraordinary girl, and Tatyana loses all hope for happiness. Later, having gained rich experience in the "whirlwind" of social life, the heroine realized that Eugene treated her nobly, and appreciated this act:

But you
I don't blame; at that terrible hour
You have acted nobly
You were right in front of me. (8, XLIII)

The second climax is the explanation of the main characters in St. Petersburg a few years after the first. Now Tatyana, a brilliant society lady, continuing to love Onegin, refuses to answer his fiery passion and scandalous proposal, and now Onegin, in turn, is losing hope for happiness.

In addition to the main storyline - the love story of Onegin and Tatyana - Pushkin unfolds a side storyline - the story of friendship between Onegin and Lensky. There is a plot here: two young educated nobles, finding themselves in the wilderness, quickly get to know each other, since Lensky

With Onegin I wished cordially
Acquaintance shorter to reduce.
They agreed. (2, XIII)

The plot scheme of the story of friendship can be built as follows: the climax is Onegin's behavior at Tatyana's name day (his coquetry with Olga), the denouement is the duel of friends and the death of Lensky. The last event is at the same time the climax, as it made Onegin, it seems for the first time in his life, "shudder" (6, XXXV).

There is another side storyline in the novel - the love story of Lensky and Olga. In it, the author omits the string, only mentions in passing that a tender feeling was born in the hearts of young people a long time ago:

A little lad, captivated by Olga,
I don't know the pain of the heart yet,
He was a touching witness
Her baby fun... (2, XXXI)

The climax in this love story is a ball at Tatyana's name day, when Olga's character is fully revealed: a vain, proud and empty coquette, she does not understand that her behavior offends the groom. Lensky's death unleashes not only a friendship storyline, but also the story of his brief love.

From all that has been said above, it is clear that both the main and secondary storylines are built quite simply, but the composition of the novel itself is extremely complex.

Analyzing the main storyline, several features should be noted. The first of them is a rather lengthy exposition: it consists of two chapters out of eight. Why does Pushkin describe in such detail the formation of the characters of the main characters - Onegin and Tatyana? It can be assumed that the actions of both characters were understandable to readers, in order to most fully express the idea of ​​​​the novel - the image of an intelligent, but useless person who lives his life in vain.

The second feature is that the main storyline has no denouement. Indeed, after the final stormy explanation with Onegin, Tatyana leaves her room, and the hero remains in place, shocked by her words. So

Spurs a sudden ringing rang out,
And Tatyana's husband showed up... (8, ХLVIII)

Thus, the action ends in mid-sentence: the husband finds Onegin at an odd hour in his wife's room. What can he think? How will the story turn next? Pushkin does not explain anything, but declares:

And here is my hero
In a minute, evil for him,
Reader, we will now leave,
For a long time... forever. (8, XLVIII)

For such an ending, contemporaries often reproached the author and considered the lack of a definite denouement to be a disadvantage. Pushkin responded to this criticism in a playful passage, “In My Autumn Leisures...” (1835):

You speak right
Which is strange, even rude
The novel does not stop interrupting,
Having sent it to print,
What owes his hero
Anyway, marry
At least numb...

From the above lines it follows that Pushkin's decision to interrupt the novel was quite conscious. What gives such an unusual ending to comprehend the content of the work?

Husband, relative and friend of Onegin, seeing the hero in his wife's room, can challenge him to a duel, and Onegin already had a duel that turned his whole life upside down. In other words, Onegin literally finds himself in a vicious circle of events; not only the story of his love is built on the principle of "mirror reflection" (G.A. Gukovsky), but also his relationship with friends. The novel has no end, that is, it is built on a circular composition: the action begins and ends in St. Petersburg, in the spring, the hero never finds love, once again neglects friendship (takes care of his friend's wife). Such a compositional construction successfully corresponds to the main idea of ​​the novel: to show the hopeless, worthless life of the title character, who himself suffers from his uselessness, but cannot get out of the vicious circle of an empty life, find a serious occupation for himself. With such a horse of the novel, V.G. Belinsky completely agreed, who asks the question: “What happened to Onegin later?”. And he himself answers: “We don’t know, and what are we to know when we know that the forces of this rich nature were left without application, life without meaning, and the romance without end?” (V. G. Belinsky "Works of A. Pushkin", article 8).

The third feature of the composition is the presence of several storylines in the novel. The love story of Lensky and Olga allows the author to compare the main characters with the secondary ones. Tatyana knows how to love "not jokingly" (3, XXV), and Olga quickly consoled herself after Lensky's death and married a lancer. The disappointed Onegin is depicted next to the dreamy, in love Lensky, who has not yet cooled off to life.

All three storylines are successfully intertwined: the climax-denouement in the story of friendship (duel) becomes at the same time the denouement in the love story of the young poet and Olga. Thus, in the three storylines, there are only two beginnings (in the main and in the friendship story), three climaxes (two in the main and one (ball) for two side stories) and one denouement (coincides in the side storylines).

The fourth feature of the composition is the presence of inserted episodes that are not directly related to the development of the plot: Tatyana's dream, Lensky's poems, the girls' song and, of course, numerous lyrical digressions. These episodes further complicate the composition, but do not drag out the action of the novel too much. It should be especially noted that lyrical digressions are the most important component of the work, because it is thanks to them that the broadest picture of the Russian life of the specified author is created in the novel. historical period and the image of the author, the third protagonist of the novel, is formed.

Summing up, we note that the novel "Eugene Onegin" in the history of Russian literature was innovative both in terms of describing life (a realistic depiction of reality) and in terms of creating the character of the title character (the image of Pushkin's contemporary, "an extra person"). Deep ideological content expressed in the original form: Pushkin used a ring composition, "mirror reflection" - a repetition of the main plot episodes, omitted the final denouement. In other words, it turned out to be a “free novel” (8, L), in which several storylines are skillfully intertwined and digressions of various types are present (inserted episodes more or less closely related to the plot; the author’s humorous and serious reasoning about everything in the world).

The construction of "Eugene Onegin" cannot be called logically flawless. This concerns not only the absence of a formal denouement in the novel. Strictly speaking, between the events described in the seventh and eighth chapters, several years must pass before Tatyana turns from a provincial young lady into a secular lady. Initially, Pushkin decided to fill these few years with Onegin's travels in Russia (chapter "Onegin's Journey"), but later placed them in an appendix to the novel, as a result of which the logic of the plot was violated. Both friends and critics pointed out this formal flaw to the author, but Pushkin neglected these remarks:

There are a lot of contradictions
But I don't want to fix them. (1, LX)

The author very accurately called his work “a collection of motley chapters” (introduction): it reflected real life, arranged not according to the strict laws of logic, but rather, according to the theory of probability. However, the novel, following real life, has not lost either dynamism, or artistic integrity, or completeness.

Eugene Onegin reflected the whole life of Russian society at the beginning of the 19th century. However, two centuries later, this work is interesting not only in historical and literary terms, but also in terms of the relevance of the questions that Pushkin posed to the reading public. Everyone, opening the novel, found something of their own in it, empathized with the characters, noted the lightness and mastery of style. And quotes from this work have long become aphorisms, they are pronounced even by those who have not read the book itself.

A.S. Pushkin created this work for about 8 years (1823-1831). The history of the creation of "Eugene Onegin" began in Chisinau in 1823. It reflected the experience of "Ruslan and Lyudmila", but the subject of the image was not historical and folklore characters, but modern heroes and the author himself. The poet also begins to work in line with realism, gradually abandoning romanticism. During the period of Mikhailovsky exile, he continued to work on the book, and completed it already during the forced imprisonment in the village of Boldino (Pushkin was detained by cholera). Thus, the creative history of the work has absorbed the most "fertile" years of the creator, when his skill evolved at a breakneck pace. So his novel reflected everything that he had learned during this time, everything that he knew and felt. Perhaps this circumstance owes its depth to the work.

The author himself calls his novel “a collection of motley chapters”, each of the 8 chapters has relative independence, because the writing of “Eugene Onegin” lasted a long time, and each episode opened a certain stage in Pushkin’s life. In parts, the book came out, the release of each became an event in the world of literature. The complete edition was published only in 1837.

Genre and composition

A.S. Pushkin defined his work as a novel in verse, emphasizing that it is lyrical-epic: a storyline expressed love story heroes (epic beginning), side by side with digressions and author's reflections (lyrical beginning). That is why the genre of "Eugene Onegin" is called "novel".

"Eugene Onegin" consists of 8 chapters. In the first chapters, readers get acquainted with the central character Eugene, move with him to the village and meet a future friend - Vladimir Lensky. Further, the drama of the narration increases due to the appearance of the Larin family, especially Tatyana. The sixth chapter is the culmination of the relationship between Lensky and Onegin and the flight of the protagonist. And at the end of the work, the storyline of Eugene and Tatiana is unraveled.

Lyrical digressions are connected with the narration, but this is also a dialogue with the reader, they emphasize the “free” form, proximity to a heart-to-heart conversation. The same factor can explain the incompleteness, openness of the finale of each chapter and the novel as a whole.

About what?

A young, but already disillusioned with life, nobleman inherits an estate in the village, goes there, hoping to dispel his blues. begins with the fact that he was forced to sit with a sick uncle, who left his family nest to his nephew. However, the village life soon bores the hero, his existence would become unbearable if it were not for his acquaintance with the poet Vladimir Lensky. Friends - "ice and fire", but the differences did not interfere friendly relations. will help figure this out.

Lensky introduces a friend to the Larin family: an old mother, sisters Olga and Tatyana. The poet has long been in love with Olga, a windy coquette. The character of Tatyana, who herself falls in love with Eugene, is much more serious and whole. Her imagination has been drawing a hero for a long time, it remains only for someone to appear. The girl is suffering, tormented, writing a romantic letter. Onegin is flattered, but understands that he cannot respond to such a passionate feeling, therefore he gives a harsh rebuke to the heroine. This circumstance plunges her into depression, she anticipates trouble. And the trouble really came. Onegin decides to take revenge on Lensky because of an accidental quarrel, but chooses a terrible means: he flirts with Olga. The poet is offended, challenges his yesterday's friend to a duel. But the culprit kills the "slave of honor" and leaves forever. The essence of the novel "Eugene Onegin" is not even to show all this. The main thing worth paying attention to is the description of Russian life and the psychologism of the characters, which develops under the influence of the depicted atmosphere.

However, the relationship between Tatiana and Eugene is not over. They meet at a secular evening, where the hero sees not a naive girl, but mature woman in full brilliance. And he falls in love. Also tormented and writes a message. And meets the same rebuff. Yes, the beauty has not forgotten anything, but it’s too late, she is “given to another”:. A failed lover is left with nothing.

Main characters and their characteristics

The images of the heroes of "Eugene Onegin" are not a random selection of characters. This is a miniature Russian society of that time, where all the famous types of noble people are scrupulously listed: the poor landowner Larin, his secular but degraded wife in the countryside, the exalted and insolvent poet Lensky, his windy and frivolous passion, etc. All of them represent Imperial Russia during its heyday. No less interesting and original. Below is a description of the main characters:

1. Eugene Onegin is the main character of the novel. It carries dissatisfaction with life, fatigue from it. Pushkin tells in detail about the environment in which the young man grew up, about how the environment shaped his character. Onegin's upbringing is typical for the nobles of those years: a superficial education aimed at being successful in a decent society. He was prepared not for a real business, but exclusively for secular entertainment. Therefore, from a young age I was tired of the empty brilliance of balls. He has a "soul direct nobility" (feels friendly affection for Lensky, does not seduce Tatyana, taking advantage of her love). The hero is capable of a deep feeling, but is afraid of losing his freedom. But, despite the nobility, he is an egoist, and narcissism underlies all his feelings. The essay contains the most detailed characterization of the character.
2. Very different from Tatyana Larina, this image appears ideal: a whole, wise, devoted nature, ready for anything for the sake of love. She grew up in a healthy environment, in nature, and not in the world, so real feelings are strong in her: kindness, faith, dignity. The girl loves to read, and in the books she drew an image of a special, romantic, shrouded in mystery. It was this image that was embodied in Eugene. And Tatyana, with all her passion, truthfulness and purity, gave herself up to this feeling. She did not seduce, did not flirt, but took the liberty of confessing. This brave and honest act did not find a response in Onegin's heart. He fell in love with her seven years later, when she shone in the light. Fame and wealth did not bring happiness to the woman, she married the unloved, but Eugene's courtship is impossible, family oaths are sacred to her. More about this in the essay.
3. Tatyana's sister Olga is not of great interest, there is not a single sharp corner in her, everything is round, it is not for nothing that Onegin compares her with the moon. The girl accepts Lensky's courtship. And any other person, because, why not accept, she is flirtatious and empty. Between the Larin sisters, there is immediately an enormous difference. Youngest daughter went to her mother, a windy socialite who was forcibly imprisoned in the village.
4. However, the poet Vladimir Lensky fell in love with the coquettish Olga. Probably because it is easy to fill the void with your own content in dreams. The hero was still burning with hidden fire, he felt subtly and analyzed little. It has high moral concepts, therefore it is alien to the light and not poisoned by it. If Onegin talked and danced with Olga only out of boredom, then Lensky saw this as a betrayal, a former friend became an insidious tempter of a sinless girl. In the maximalist perception of Vladimir, this is immediately a break in relations and a duel. In it, the poet lost. The author raises the question, what could await the character with a favorable outcome? The conclusion is disappointing: Lensky would have married Olga, become an ordinary landowner and become vulgar in a routine vegetative existence. You may also need .

Topics

• The main theme of the novel "Eugene Onegin" is extensive - it is Russian life. The book shows life and upbringing in the world, in the capital, village life, customs and occupations, typical and at the same time unique portraits of characters are drawn. Almost two centuries later, the characters contain features that are inherent in modern people, these images are deeply national.
• The theme of friendship is also reflected in "Eugene Onegin". The main character and Vladimir Lensky were in close friendship. But can it be considered real? They met on occasion, out of boredom. Eugene sincerely became attached to Vladimir, who warmed the cold heart of the hero with his spiritual fire. However, just as quickly, he is ready to offend a friend, flirting with his beloved, who is happy about this. Eugene thinks only about himself, he is absolutely unimportant to the feelings of other people, so he could not save his comrade.
• Love is also an important theme of the work. Almost all writers talk about it. Pushkin was no exception. True love is expressed in the image of Tatyana. It can develop in spite of everything and stay for life. Nobody loved Onegin and will not love it like the main character. Missing this, you remain unhappy for life. Unlike the sacrificial, all-forgiving feelings of a girl, Onegin's emotions are pride. He was frightened by a timid girl who fell in love for the first time, for whose sake it would be necessary to abandon the disgusting, but familiar light. But Eugene was subdued by a cold secular beauty, with whom to visit is already an honor, not like loving her.
• The theme of the superfluous. The trend of realism appears in the work of Pushkin. It was the environment that brought Onegin up so disappointed. It was it that preferred to see superficiality in the nobles, the focus of all their efforts on creating secular brilliance. And nothing else is needed. On the contrary, education folk traditions, society ordinary people made the soul healthy, and the nature whole, like Tatiana's.
• The theme of devotion. True to her first and strongest love Tatyana, and frivolous, changeable and ordinary Olga. Larina's sisters are completely opposite. Olga reflects a typical secular girl, for whom the main thing is herself, her attitude towards her, and therefore it is possible to change if there is a better option. It was worth Onegin to say a couple nice words, she forgot about Lensky, whose affection is much stronger. Tatyana's heart is true to Eugene all his life. Even when he trampled on her feelings, she waited a long time and could not find another (again, unlike Olga, who quickly consoled herself after Lensky's death). The heroine had to get married, but in her heart she continued to be faithful to Onegin, although love was no longer possible.

Problems

The problems in the novel "Eugene Onegin" are very indicative. It reveals not only psychological and social, but also political shortcomings and even whole tragedies of the system. For example, the outdated, but no less terrible, drama of Tatyana's mother is shocking. The woman was forced to marry, and she broke down under the onslaught of circumstances, becoming an evil and despotic mistress of a hated estate. And here are the actual problems raised

• The main problem that is raised in all realism in general, and Pushkin in "Eugene Onegin" in particular, is the destructive influence of secular society on the human soul. A hypocritical and greedy environment poisons the personality. It makes external demands of decency: a young man should know a little French, read a little fashionable literature, be decently and expensively dressed, that is, make an impression, seem, and not be. And all the feelings here are also false, they only seem. That's why secular society takes away the best from people, it cools the brightest flame with its cold deceit.
• The blues of Evgenia is another problematic issue. Why does the main character get depressed? Not only because society has corrupted him. main reason- he does not find the answer to the question: why all this? Why does he live? To go to theaters, to balls and receptions? The absence of a vector, direction of movement, awareness of the meaninglessness of existence - these are the feelings that embrace Onegin. Here we face the eternal problem of the meaning of life, which is so difficult to find.
• The problem of selfishness is reflected in the image of the protagonist. Realizing that no one would love him in a cold and indifferent world, Eugene began to love himself more than anyone in the world. Therefore, he does not care about Lensky (he only blows boredom), Tatyana (she can take away her freedom), he thinks only about himself, but he is punished for this: he remains completely alone and is rejected by Tatyana.

Idea

The main idea of ​​the novel "Eugene Onegin" is to criticize the existing order of life, which dooms more or less outstanding natures to loneliness and death. After all, there is so much potential in Eugene, but there is no business, only secular intrigues. How much spiritual fire is in Vladimir, and besides death, only vulgarization in a feudal, suffocating environment can await him. How much spiritual beauty and intelligence in Tatyana, and she can only be the hostess of secular evenings, dress up and carry on empty conversations.

People who do not think, do not reflect, do not suffer - these are the ones for whom the existing reality suits. This is a consumer society that lives at the expense of others, which shines while those "others" vegetate in poverty and filth. The thoughts that Pushkin thought about deserve attention to this day, remain important and urgent.

Another meaning of "Eugene Onegin", which Pushkin laid down in his work, is to show how important it is to preserve individuality and virtue when temptations and fashions rage around, which subjugate more than one generation of people. While Eugene was chasing new trends, playing the cold and disappointed hero of Byron, Tatyana listened to the voice of her heart and remained true to herself. Therefore, she finds happiness in love, albeit unrequited, and he finds only boredom in everything and everyone.

Features of the novel

The novel "Eugene Onegin" is a fundamentally new phenomenon in the literature of the early 19th century. He has a special composition - this is a "novel in verse", a lyrical-epic work of great volume. In lyrical digressions, the image of the author, his thoughts, feelings and ideas, which he wants to convey to readers, emerges.

Pushkin strikes with the lightness and melodiousness of his language. His literary style is devoid of heaviness, didacticity, the author is able to talk about complex and important things simply and clearly. Of course, much needs to be read between the lines, since severe censorship was ruthless to geniuses, but the poet is also not sewn with a bastard, so he managed to tell about the socio-political problems of his state in the elegance of the verse, which were successfully hushed up in the press. It is important to understand that before Alexander Sergeevich, Russian poetry was different, he made a kind of “revolution of the game”.

The feature is also contained in the system of images. Eugene Onegin is the first in the gallery of "superfluous people", who contain a huge potential that cannot be realized. Tatyana Larina "raised" female images from the place “the main character needs to love someone” to an independent and integral portrait of a Russian woman. Tatyana is one of the first heroines who looks stronger and more significant than the main character, and does not hide in his shadow. This is how the direction of the novel "Eugene Onegin" is manifested - realism, which more than once will open the theme of an extra person and affect the difficult female fate. By the way, we also described this feature in the essay "".

Realism in the novel "Eugene Onegin"

"Eugene Onegin" marks Pushkin's transition to realism. In this novel, the author for the first time raises the theme of man and society. Personality is not perceived separately, it is part of the society that educates, leaves a certain imprint or completely forms people.

The main characters are typical yet unique. Eugene is an authentic secular nobleman: disappointed, superficially educated, but at the same time not like those around him - noble, intelligent, observant. Tatyana is an ordinary provincial young lady: she was brought up on French novels, filled with the sweet dreams of these works, but at the same time she is a “Russian soul”, a wise, virtuous, loving, harmonious nature.

It is in the fact that readers for two centuries see themselves, their acquaintances in the characters, it is in the inescapable topicality of the novel that its realistic orientation is expressed.

Criticism

The novel "Eugene Onegin" evoked a great response from readers and critics. According to E.A. Baratynsky: "Everyone talks about them in his own way: some praise, others scold and everyone reads." Contemporaries scolded Pushkin for the "labyrinth of digressions", for the insufficiently written character of the protagonist, for the negligence of the language. The reviewer Thaddeus Bulgarin, who supported the government and conservative literature, especially distinguished himself.

However, the novel was best understood by V.G. Belinsky, who called it "an encyclopedia of Russian life", a historical work, despite the absence of historical characters. Indeed, a modern belles-lettres lover can study Eugene Onegin from this point of view as well, in order to learn more about the society of the nobility at the beginning of the 19th century.

And a century later, the comprehension of the novel in verse continued. Yu.M.Lotman saw complexity, paradoxicality in the work. This is not just a collection of quotes familiar from childhood, it is " organic world". All this proves the relevance of the work and its significance for Russian national culture.

What does it teach?

Pushkin showed the life of young people, how their fate can be. Of course, fate depends not only on the environment, but also on the characters themselves, but the influence of society is undeniable. The poet showed the main enemy that strikes the young nobles: idleness, the aimlessness of existence. The conclusion of Alexander Sergeevich is simple: the creator calls not to limit himself to secular conventions, stupid rules, but to live a full life, guided by moral and spiritual components.

These ideas remain relevant to this day. modern people often there is a choice: to live in harmony with oneself or to break oneself for the sake of some benefits or social recognition. Choosing the second path, chasing illusory dreams, you can lose yourself and find with horror that life is over, and nothing has been done. This is what you need to fear the most.

"Roman Eugene Onegin" - 6 chapter. A.S. Pushkin’s novel Evgeny Onegin” – “an encyclopedia of Russian life” by V.G. Belinsky. There are two storylines in the novel: Onegin - Tatyana and Onegin - Lensky. Chapter 7 Chapter 5 Think about what historical events did Pushkin write in chapter 10 and Onegin's Journey? Chapter 3 Only sketches remain, and the poet reads passages to his closest friends.

"The history of the creation of Eugene Onegin" - The tenth chapter is not included in the canonical text of the novel. compositional techniques. Composition. "The Poetry of Reality". Completed work on "Eugene Onegin" on September 26, 1830. The history of the creation of the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin". Onegin at the ball. novel form. The genre of the novel. Image of the Author. Compositionally, the novel does not have a traditional beginning and a traditional ending.

"Pushkin Eugene Onegin" - And the distance of a free novel I still did not clearly distinguish through the magic crystal. A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin" A novel in verse. Kalinina N.G. . Plot. Not that...not that, God forbid! O you venerable spouses! In which work of A.S. Pushkin, we have already met with the symmetrical construction of the plot? --. Pushkin published the novel in chapters as it was being written.

"Pushkin's novel Eugene Onegin" - Rhyme. "Eugene Onegin" in the silhouettes of V. Gelmersen. "Eugene Onegin" - a novel in verse. Iambic is necessary to give poetic speech a colloquial character. Eugene Onegin" in the silhouettes of V. Gelmersen. V. G. Belinsky about Onegin. About the genre. The author, as it were, lives in the novel, becoming related to one or another hero.

"Eugene Onegin the image of the author" - Onegin is a type of young man of the early 19th century. Onegin's life story. The plot is the sequence of events depicted in a work of art. Tatyana and Olga Larina. Themes and role of lyrical digressions in the novel. The theme and role of lyrical digressions in the novel by A. S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin".

"Eugene Onegin letter" - The purpose of the work: 6. Comparative analysis of the letters of Eugene Onegin and Tatyana. I, II). 5. Onegin's letter to Tatyana. I, IV). You just entered, I instantly found out, All stunned, blazed ... A.S. Pushkin. And we ... we do not shine with anything, Though you are welcome and ingenuously. From now on, I entrust my fate to you.

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