What good deeds did Ilya Muromets. About the victories of the Russian hero Ilya Muromets, briefly thank you

At the very beginning of October, according to legend, the legendary Ilya Muromets was born. But this is only a legend, his name is not mentioned in the historical chronicles, the exact place of his birth is unknown, and there is no data on the day of death. However, the hero really existed, but was buried in the deep caves of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra, along with 68 other saints.

“Some researchers are still skeptical about the reality of the existence of Ilya Muromets - his biography seems very fabulous to modern scientists,” says Sergey Khvedchenya, a researcher at the National Institute of History of Ukraine. - However, the materials collected by the researchers made it possible not only to restore the biography of the great Holy Russian hero, but also to answer some controversial questions about the life path of Ilya Muromets, which baffled many historians.

Sensational evidence

Back in 1988, the established Interdepartmental Commission held Scientific research the surviving relics of St. Ilya of Muromets. The results of the work were amazing. The remains belong strong man, who died at the age of 45-55 years, quite tall - 177 centimeters. Given the fact that in the 12th century the average population growth was 165 centimeters, Ilya, of course, was a very tall person for his time. Moreover, on the skeleton of Ilya, scientists have identified traces of many battles - broken ribs, multiple fractures of the collarbones, traces of a sword, spear, and saber. This confirmed the ancient myths that the hero Ilya Muromets was a powerful warrior and participated in fierce battles.

But most of all, scientists were struck by something completely different: they unanimously assert that, as indicated in folk tales, Ilya really could not walk on his own for a long time! According to the researchers, the main reason for this was the extremely serious disease- poliomyelitis or tuberculosis of the bones. This led to paralysis of the legs.

The hero Ilya Muromets was born between 1150 and 1165 in the city of Murom. And he died when he was about 50 years old, as scientists suggest, during the capture of Kyiv by the army of Prince Rurik Rostislavich in 1204, when the famous Pechersk Lavra was destroyed and plundered by the Cumans, allied with Rurik. Death came from a blow to the chest with a sharp weapon (sword or spear).

Terrible curse and miraculous recovery

Such a story was spread among the people. As if the grandfather of the future Russian hero Ilya Muromets was a real pagan and, refusing to recognize Christianity, once chopped Orthodox icon. Since that time, a curse has fallen on his family and all boys must be born crippled.

10 years later, the grandson Ilya was born, and it seemed that the terrible curse was fulfilled: the boy could not walk. Numerous attempts to cure him were unsuccessful. But Ilya himself did not wilt, he stubbornly trained his hands, strengthened his muscles. However, with strong arms, he could not walk. Probably, he was repeatedly visited by thoughts of resigning himself to fate and remaining crippled forever.

But on the day when Ilya turned 33 years old, the impossible happened. Prophetic elders came to his father's house - poor wanderers (passing kaliki) and asked Ilya to give water. He explained that he could not get up. But the guests, as if they did not hear him, persistently repeated their request, which had already sounded like an order. And the sick Ilya, suddenly feeling an unprecedented strength, rose to his feet for the first time ...

Miraculous healing? But is it possible to assume that the strange guests were able to miraculously heal the seemingly terminally ill? There are various assumptions about this. Perhaps the wanderers were magicians or sorcerers and knew the secrets of ancient healing conspiracies. It is not known for certain and science is not yet able to explain the fact of the healing itself ...

And yet, Ilya got on his feet after a long 33 years of real estate. And scientists who conducted research on the relics confirm the fact that the bone tissue of this person was miraculously completely restored. Moreover, as indicated in the conclusion, after thirty years, Ilya led a full life, which fully corresponds to the epics.

The exploits of the Russian hero

Since miraculous healing hero Ilya Muromets, as is inherent in heroes, performs many feats. The most famous feat of the hero is the battle with the bandit Nightingale the Robber, who occupied the direct road to the capital of Russia, Kyiv, and did not allow free passage "neither on horseback nor on foot." Purification by the epic hero direct way to Kyiv (about 1168) is confirmed historical facts. At that moment, when Ilya arrived in Kyiv, Prince Mstislav was on the throne, who ordered to organize the protection of trade caravans going to the capital from the Polovtsians who mercilessly robbed them. Most likely, the prince of Kyiv entrusted this to his hero Ilya Muromets, who was in the prince's squad.

Nightingale was a robber who hunted for raids and thefts on the road, and the nickname stuck to him for his ability to whistle loudly. Ilya Muromets defeated the whistler in a duel and freed the "straight road", which, undoubtedly, was of great economic importance. The cleansing of the straight path from the robbers did not go unnoticed and was equated by the people with a real feat.

But if Ilya Muromets is indeed a historical figure, why is there not a single mention of him as a Russian hero in the annals?

First, very few written sources have survived from that time. And this is not surprising, if we take into account the turbulent history of Russia. Hordes of various conquerors repeatedly burned and completely destroyed cities. Once, during a fire, books from the library of the Pechersk Lavra also burned down.

Secondly, in the ancient Germanic poems, written down in the 13th century, but based on earlier legends, there is a mention of the great hero Ilya the Russian. The legend says that in one very cruel battle, the hero Ilya almost fell, but miraculously saved his life and vowed to settle in a monastery, devote himself to serving God and never again raise a sword. Ilya approached the walls of the Lavra, threw off all his armor, but, however, could not throw his sword on the ground. He became a monk of the Kyiv Pechersk Lavra and spent most of his days in a cell in constant prayer.

But one day the enemy approached the walls of the monastery. The mortal blow struck the abbot of the Lavra right in front of Ilya. And then the hero, despite this vow, again raised the sword. But suddenly he felt that his legs refused to serve him. At that moment, the enemy dealt a mortal blow to his chest, but Ilya's strength left and he could no longer defend himself ...

The life of an epic hero after death

The hero Ilya Muromets managed to survive own death, leaving a noticeable imprint in the memory of people and have a huge impact on all subsequent generations.

But not only an imperishable memory remained from the Russian hero. The body of Ilya, like the remains of other monks who are buried in the caves of the Pechersk Lavra, is incorruptible. But, unlike the remains of the Egyptian pharaohs, it turned into a mummy not due to treatment with mummifying compounds, but due to an unknown modern science reason. The Orthodox are sure that if the human body does not decompose, but gradually turns into relics, this indicates a special gift from God, inherent only to the saints. They say that the relics of the Holy Russian hero Ilya Muromets are able to heal those who suffer terrible diseases spine and those with completely paralyzed legs. The hero of epics continues to serve people even after death...

The memory of the great heroes has remained for centuries Ancient Russia. One of them is the hero Ilya Muromets. My report is dedicated to this amazing hero.

Epics about the hero

About heroes in ancient Russia legends and epics were made. Epics are heroic songs that old storytellers performed by playing the harp. This is such an old stringed instrument.

There are many epics about Ilya Muromets, and each has several dozen more options. These works were very popular in antiquity. Especially in the Russian North, where most of the works dedicated to Ilya Muromets and his service to Prince Vladimir have been preserved. In the southern regions, Ilya Muromets was often portrayed as a Cossack and did not serve anyone. But the enormous strength of Elijah and his the role of the defender of the Russian land from the invaders.

Miraculous healing and the first exploits of Elijah

Epics say that for 33 years Ilya could not get up: his legs were paralyzed. But one day strangers came to the house. They so asked the patient to bring them water that Ilya could not stand it and tried to get up. He succeeded, he brought water, but the strangers told him to drink it himself. He drank the water, was healed and gained great strength. The wanderers told Ilya where to find the heroic horse and armor and sent Ilya to Prince Vladimir. On the way, the Russian hero accomplished a feat by protecting the city of Chernihiv from nomads.

Victory over the Nightingale the Robber

Chernigov residents complained to Ilya about the Nightingale the Robber, and the hero won and took the criminal prisoner. Scientists believe that it was either the leader of a real band of robbers, or the commander of a detachment of nomads. Ilya shot, wounded Nightingale and took him to the prince. Vladimir ordered the robber to whistle. From this whistle everyone was very frightened, and several people died. Ilya executed Nightingale so that he could no longer cause harm.

Idolishe filthy

Then Ilya defeated the filthy Idolishche, which captured Kyiv. The hero accomplished this feat, disguised as a beggar wanderer, in order to penetrate the palace, already captured by the enemy. He easily defeated Idolisch by grabbing it with one hand. Then the hero went out into the courtyard and killed all the enemies with a stick, that is, a wanderer's crutch.

Kalin-king

Ilya Muromets - one of the most beloved heroes among the people, because he was from the peasants. He was the most respected and revered. Even in the painting by V.M. Vasnetsov “Three Heroes”, the mighty hero is depicted in the center as the strongest. But the prince did not like Ilya. Once he kept the hero in prison for three years, wanting to starve him to death. But the prince's daughter secretly brought Ilya food. And when Kalin Tsar attacked Kyiv, the prince repented that he had killed the hero, and his daughter admitted that she fed the hero and he was alive. Ilya was released, and he, not concealing anger in the face of a common danger, went to battle. But other heroes, also offended by the prince, did not want to fight for Vladimir. Having killed almost all the enemies, Ilya was nevertheless captured. But other heroes come to his aid, and together they defeat the enemy.

Alien hero

Ilya also became famous for his victory over some strange hero, equal in strength to him. They fought for three days and three nights, and only at the end Ilya nevertheless won and smashed the enemy to the ground.

Reverend Elijah

Surprisingly, Ilya Muromets there was a prototype - a monk of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra. After examining his relics, scientists came to the conclusion that he really suffered for a long time from a serious illness of the spine and could not walk. But then he recovered and became a hero. About 40 years old - it was then considered already old age - he went to the monastery and died at about 45 years old. Monk Ilya Muromets is considered a saint.

The real Ilya was also famous for his huge physical strength, heroic build and military victories. But he could not serve Prince Vladimir, because he lived 200 years later.

Ilya Muromets is both a hero of epics and a real hero of Ancient Russia.

If this message was useful to you, I would be glad to see you

After a miraculous healing, Ilya Muromets, as befits heroes and heroes, performs numerous feats. His most famous feat is the victory over the Nightingale the Robber. Researchers believe that the Nightingale the Robber is not a fabulous monster, but also a real historical figure, a robber who hunted in the forests on the way to Kyiv. And this robber was nicknamed the Nightingale because he announced his attack with a whistle (or, perhaps, gave a whistle signal to his gang to attack). Later, Ilya Muromets performed many other feats, participated in battles, defending the Russian land from enemies. Contemporaries noted his incredible, inhuman strength, so in the memory of people he remained, probably, the greatest Russian hero. It is enough to recall the painting “Three Heroes”, in which Ilya Muromets is depicted in the center - as the strongest and most powerful. In epics and legends, three heroes - Ilya Muromets, Alyosha Popovich and Dobrynya Nikitich - often perform feats together. But in fact, they never met. They were separated by centuries - Dobrynya Nikitich lived in the 10th century, Alyosha Popovich - in the 13th century, and Ilya - in the 12th century. But when legends are passed down from one generation to another for centuries, they acquire new details, famous characters begin to perform new feats, and time frames gradually blur and shift. Contrary to legends, Ilya Muromets never served Prince Vladimir the Great. They simply could not meet, because they lived in different centuries. Ilya served Prince Svyatoslav, protecting Russia from the Polovtsy. But if this is true, and Ilya Muromets is a historical figure, then why is there not a word about him in the annals? Firstly, not so many written sources have survived from those times, which is quite natural, if we remember what a turbulent history Russia has experienced. Hordes of conquerors burned and completely destroyed cities more than once. In one of the fires, the books of the Pechersk Lavra once burned down. And secondly, there are references in foreign sources. For example, in German epic poems written in the 13th century, but based on earlier legends, the great hero Ilya the Russian is mentioned. The legend says that in one fierce battle Ilya almost died, but miraculously survived and vowed to retire to monastery, consecrate himself to God and never again take up the sword. Ilya came to the walls of the Lavra, took off all his military armor, but could not throw the sword and took it with him. He became a monk of the Pechersk Lavra and spent all his days in his cell in prayer. But one day the enemies approached the walls of the monastery, and Ilya saw with his own eyes the death of the abbot of the Lavra, who was struck down by a mortal blow. And then Ilya, despite the vow, again took up the sword. But he felt that his legs again refused to serve him. He still managed to shield himself from the fatal blow with a spear, but his strength was already leaving him ... Was it really so? It is unlikely that we will ever know. But one thing is certain: scientists have established that Ilya really died as a result of a blow to the chest with a spear and that he apparently tried to stop the spear on the fly, and this slightly weakened the blow. But the resulting wound did not heal and eventually became the cause of the death of Muromets.

Ilya Muromets is, of course, an epic hero, but at the same time a monk of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra, buried in the Near Caves. At the same time, at the time when he started a war with enemies, he was an opponent of Orthodoxy, and then he became a monk and died defending the Lavra. Is it not a feat - to renounce everything and believe in a new faith.

And before that, there was a victory over oneself - he lay sick for 33 years, and then got up, walked, and became the most famous epic hero. By the way, nowhere else was his illness mentioned.

Ilya became famous for various victories: over the Nightingale - a robber, the filthy Idol, disperses a gang of robbers, frees forty kings and princes, and in addition, cuts the head of the insidious queen. And everywhere one remembers his justice in resolving issues.

I don’t know if Ilya got up from the stove as a feat. If not, then let this be a preface, the beginning of great deeds.

So, when Muromets felt that the strength had increased, he went to Chernigov, where he had to accomplish his first feat - to fight the enemies who were going to capture this city, and, of course, defeat them.

Further from Chernigov, the hero went to Kyiv by a direct road, on which he met the Nightingale the Robber, whom no one could catch before - but Ilya could. After he showed the robber to Prince Vladimir, he cut off the Nightingale's head.

The following story tells us how Ilya Muromets overcame Idolishche in the distant Tsargrad.

Well last story, which I know, is about how Muromets was able to overcome the Tatars, although before that he had sat in the cellar (he was punished by the same Prince Vladimir).

Ilya Muromets epic hero. In epics he fought with Kalin-tsar, the woman Goryninka. Defeated Idolishe Poganoe.

At the heart of the epic Ilya Muromets and Kalin Tsar are descriptions of several events. Military operations between Kyiv and nomads. The plot describes the events of 968

The main feat is the defense of one's home, one's Fatherland from enemy forces, which are described under the guise of Kalin-tsar, the woman Goryninka, the Idolish of the Damned.

Ilya Murovets is a real person who lived in ancient times. He was an excellent prototype for our fabulous heroes. it is known about Ilya Muromets that he did not climb for a long time, but after that he was able to get up and accomplished a lot of feats on his way:

He was able to rise after thirty-three years of his lying (illness);

Liberated Chernihiv;

He defeated the nightingale the robber (a well-known robber in antiquity);

I overcame the Idolishcha of the filthy

Defeated Sokolnik

He dispersed a whole gang with a sword;

He freed 40 kings from captivity and killed the cunning princess.

Ilya Muromets - an epic Russian hero - seems to me not a fabulous, but a person close in spirit, since a particle of the relics of St. Ilya Muromets is kept in our church.

Ilya Muromets was a real historical figure, a hero who really could not walk for a long time, but then he accomplished many feats and died in 1204 from a spear in the chest during the storming of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra by the Polovtsians, of which he was a monk.

In epics Ilya Muromets made other feats about which songs and poems are written: defeated the Nightingale the Robber, freed Chernihiv from the great powerhouse, killed the filthy Idolishche, defeated Kalin the Tsar and the Invader Bogatyr.

But I think that the main feat of Ilya Muromets, in fact, there was a victory over oneself and giving one's life to the service of God.

Let's try to compile a historical register of the exploits of Ilya Muromets.

1. He got up after 33 years of lying for the sake of kalik, and then even uprooted a whole meadow of stumps
2. Liberated the city of Chernigov from the siege on the way to Kyiv
3. Captured the famous robber Nightingale the Robber, and then cut off his head in Kyiv
4. Chopped off the head of the filthy Idol, the glutton
5. Fights with the Tatars Kalina Tsar and captures him
6. Scares the Turkish Saltan Saltanovich
7. Defeats the Falconer, who turns out to be his son
8. One cap disperses a gang of robbers
9. Frees forty kings and princes and cuts off the head of the treacherous queen
10. He builds a church in Kyiv in which his relics are kept.

I don’t think that all the exploits of Ilya Muromets are reflected here, but the main ones are for sure.



Ilya Muromets is one of the main characters of the ancient Russian epic epic.

He is a hero from God, a warrior hero.

During his active life, Ilya Muromets did a lot of good deeds:

• complete victory over the Nightingale the Robber;
• liberation from the enemy the city of Chernihiv;
• the murder of the filthy Idolish, which threatened Prince Vladimir;
• the defeat of the Tatar tsar Kalin;
• victory of Ilya Muromets over the Bogatyr-invader.

• Ilya Muromets- one of the most famous heroes of the Russian epic epic. This hero possessed extraordinary strength, helping to defeat numerous enemies.

  Of the main exploits hero Ilya Muromets, the following can be distinguished:

  • victory over the Nightingale the Robber;
  • victory over the Pogany Idol and the liberation of his people from him;
  • victory over the Bogatyr-invader and
  • victory over Kalin-tsar.

  And here's another interesting fact: many scientists agree that Ilya Muromets is not a fictional character, but a person who lived in reality, namely the Reverend Ilya of Murom. You can read more about it at this link.

  

  Ilya Muromets is one of the most famous Russian heroes, and he became famous because of various epics and fairy tales about his exploits. Among his many accomplishments are the following:

  Saved the city of Chernihiv

  Caught the Nightingale the Robber

  Ilya Muromets is the most productive hero in Russia. Among his exploits, one can distinguish such as the salvation of Chernigov, the liberation of the Russian land from the nightingale of the robber, and also calls out of captivity 40 kings who fell to the insidious queen.

• Victory over the Nightingale the Robber.
• Tsar Kalin and the battle for Russia.
• Victory over the Idol.

Battle with Nightingale the Robber

Once Ilya decided to help the common people build a road through the forest. I took my heavy club and went to break trees. So he went to the Smorodina River, where the Nightingale the Robber was sitting. Angered by the fact that the hero walks through his forest, the robber took in more air into his lungs and whistled with all his strength. However, Ilya Muromets was not afraid, he took a wooden bow, took an arrow, pulled the bowstring harder and shot at the robber. The nightingale, struck down by Ilya's well-aimed shot, stopped whistling and fell down. Then Ilya took the robber and carried him to the king in Kyiv. He decided to check whether the Nightingale the Robber is really so strong. The king ordered to whistle the robber sparing no effort. The nightingale took a breath and whistled, so much so that everyone in the hall fell from strong wind. The king was afraid of such a force and hid behind Ilya. The hero got angry, went up to the Nightingale and cut off the head of the robber with his sword.

Ilya Muromets and Tsar Kalin

Ilya once quarreled with Tsar Vladimir, so much so that the Tsar decided to put him in prison. That's where the trouble happened. Tsar Kalin went to war against Russia. Vladimir did not have a good army and came to Ilya, asking for forgiveness and helping the enemy to win. The hero took pity on the king of Kyiv, equipped himself for battle and went to the enemy. Tsar Kalin did not know about the power of the hero and sneered at him in every possible way. Ilya got angry, took the conceited king by the leg and began to smash the enemy army with him. And of course, our glorious warrior won.

Victory over Idol

Ilya decided to check the borders of Russia. In the meantime, he was gone, the filthy Idolishche captured the capital. The hero returned to the city, put on a simple shirt and went to pray. But on the way he was caught, tied up and brought to Idolishche. Idolishche knew about the exploits of Ilya Muromets, but he thought that an ordinary resident was standing in front of him. The invader began to laugh and mock him. The hero could not stand it, took Idolishche and smashed it on the floor. Then the servant interrupted him. So Ilya liberated the city from the filthy Idolishche.