History May 28 is the day of the border guard. Border Guard Day: the history and traditions of the holiday. Some historical facts about the border service

From the first mention of the notch guard to the defense of the borders of the Fatherland today - a long and glorious Russian Border Guard Service, which has a special day today. On May 28, Russian border guards and Soviet service veterans annually celebrate professional holiday- the holiday of green caps and berets, as it is often called by one of the most recognizable attributes of the troops of the Border Guard Service of the FSB of the Russian Federation.

Officially in Russian Federation The Day of the Border Guard entered the calendar of holidays on May 23, 1994 on the basis of presidential decree No. 1011. We are talking about a decree called "On the establishment of the Day of the border guard."

Photo by Denis Lyubimov

This year, the celebration of the Day of representatives of the border service began earlier than the official date. On May 26, a delegation consisting of the leadership of the PS of the FSB of the Russian Federation, employees of the service and members of veteran organizations laid flowers at the memorials and burial places of servicemen who once commanded the troops. Commemorative events were held at the Troekurovsky cemetery of the capital and other burial places of prominent representatives of the Border Service.

The day before, a solemn event dedicated to the Day of the Border Guard took place in Moscow - the laying of wreaths and flowers at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in the Alexander Garden. The ceremony was attended by acting border guards and veterans of the service for protecting the borders of the Motherland. Solemn events were also held at the monument "To the Fatherland's Border Guards", which is located on Yauzsky Boulevard in Moscow. We are talking about such an event as the solemn ritual of the "Combat Calculation", according to the press service of the PS of the FSB of the Russian Federation.

The history of the Border Service of Russia is, in fact, the history of Russia itself. After all, it is difficult to separate one story from another, since the protection of state borders has always been one of the most responsible missions. The first mention of the border service in the Russian state dates back to 1360, when Metropolitan Alexy sent a blessing to the guards and villagers, who were faced with the task of monitoring the movement of the Horde detachments. This kind of service played a significant role in the subsequent victory of the Russian army on the Kulikovo field.

In 1512, Vasily III approved such a concept as outposts. These are frontier positions, which were supposed to not only monitor the movements of armed "neighbors", but also take measures to prevent violation of the borders of the Russian state. After another 59 years, Russia adopted a document that is considered to be the first border charter. This is the so-called Boyar verdict on the stanitsa and guard service.

Already under the Romanovs, in the 18th century, a border customs guard was created. The 19th century brings order to the structure of the border customs guard, as it was indicated in the regulation signed on behalf of Emperor Nicholas I in 1827.

However, all these codes and regulations did not bring the border guard (guard) into an independent combat unit. Only 8 years before the onset of the 20th century, the border guards (the name of the service at that time was 1893) became a truly independent branch of the military - a separate corps of the border guards.

The wonderful Soviet film "State Border" tells about the formation of the Border Service after the October Revolution.

This film, shot at the Belarusian film studio, was awarded the KGB Prize in 1981 and the State Prize of the USSR in 1989. As you know, in addition to the first stage in the formation of the border structures of young post-revolutionary Russia, the film also told about other historical stages. In particular, "State Border" is one of the few films of the Soviet period, which told (in its 6th part called "Beyond the Threshold of Victory") about the confrontation between Soviet border guards and special services officers and the Bandera underground in the west of the Ukrainian SSR after the end of the Great Patriotic War. By the time this part of the “State Border” appeared on the screens of domestic cinemas (1987), by no means all Soviet citizens were aware of what the abbreviation UPA stands for (a prototype of a Ukrainian organization, nowadays banned by a court in the Russian Federation) and what atrocities against civilian population Western Ukraine was distinguished by Bandera gangs. The film directed by Boris Stepanov and screenwriter Oleg Smirnov opened the page of history, which even today echoes with an evil echo in the once prosperous republic.

In 59 years ago, in 1958, in the USSR, for the great merits of border guards in protecting the state border, the Council of Ministers of the USSR decided to establish the very holiday date that all border guards celebrate today. May 28 - Day of the border guard in Russia.

Photo by Denis Lyubimov

Despite their professional holiday, Russian border guards still serve on this day to protect the borders of the Fatherland, protecting the borders from encroachments by those for whom personal gain and destabilization of the situation in Russia are important goals and tasks. Given the fact that Russia's borders are the longest in the world - both by water and by land; and as the president noted with irony, "the borders of the Russian Federation do not end anywhere," it can be said with confidence that the service of Russian border guards is as difficult as it is honorable.

Border guards oppose smuggling, drug trafficking, illegal fishing in Russian territorial waters, the penetration of destructive elements into the territory of Russia in order to damage the interests of the country and the people. Border guards carry out their difficult service from the Karelian Suojärvi to the South Kuriles, from the Murmansk section of the border with Norway to the difficult border section with an inadequate neighbor on the Crimean Peninsula.

"Military Review" congratulates the border guards and service veterans on the holiday!

One of the most significant holidays, commanding respect - May 28, Day of the border guard. Since the state border of Russia passes by land, by water and by air, it is necessary that it always and everywhere be "locked" if someone comes up with a crazy idea of ​​​​taking over the country. Border guards are considered elite troops, but their elitism lies not at all in some privileges, but in great responsibility for every step. More than 15 countries have a border with Russia, and these borders are not always calm.

History of the Border Guard

Since the first fortress appeared in Russia, people have needed to defend it. Of course, everyone went out to fight the attacking enemy, but every day some people had to walk along the walls and make sure that the enemy did not attack unexpectedly. There were no border guard holidays then, but the work itself already existed. The combatants carried guard duty in a special detachment, but they were not yet border guards in the true sense of the word.

When the borders of the Russian state were defined and marked with outposts, with a high rampart and a notch, soldiers were to be constantly stationed in these places. That's it they were the first Russian border guards. Such warriors were called "security guards". They guarded the fortresses and went out as part of guard detachments to observe the surroundings.

In 1571, the border guards began to belong to a single guard service and obey the "Codex on the village service." Further, with the increase in trade, the number of customs sections is growing, where the border guards were not yet military, but performed the duties of protecting the borders. In 1827, customs officers were assigned to the border service according to the "Regulations on the organization of border customs guards."

For many years in a row, the soldiers of this service performed their duty to the country, and the center was located in the capital and was called the Office of the Border Guards of Russia. This continued until the October Revolution of 1917. For some time there was no border control at all, in different regions of Russia there were heavy battles for power and land.

Determination of the date of the Day of the border guard

In 1918, when the very young Republic of Soviets was strengthening its position in the world, the government organized the border guards of its borders. A whole service was re-founded - the Main Directorate of the Border Guard of the RSFSR. It happened on May 28, 1918.

The next 40 years were difficult for the country: echoes civil war, provocations on the distant borders of the country, the Great Patriotic War, the restoration of Russia. The border service existed, the date of its foundation was remembered, but not celebrated - it was not before the holidays. Only Nikita Karatsupa, the legendary border guard, himself detained 338 violators, and how many of them tried to enter the country with completely non-peaceful intentions!

In 1958, May 28 was officially declared a holiday for our border guards. And now, when the country has changed its status and name, Border Guard Day remains an important date.

In 1994, the President of Russia issued a Decree on the celebration of the Day of the Border Guard "in order to revive historical traditions." Only the service now, since May 2003, is called the Border Guard Service of the FSB of Russia.

How this day is celebrated in Russia

The tradition of celebrating this holiday with military parades, ceremonial rallies and events in units appeared back in the days of Soviet Union. The Union collapsed, but several states remained true to the traditions of their fathers and grandfathers. So, Belarusian, Ukrainian and Kyrgyz border troops celebrate their holiday on the same day.

The celebration of the Day of the border guard includes not only eulogies about achievements and army power, not only walks in parks, fireworks and family feasts. The day of the border guard is also a "holiday with tears in the eyes." Today, everyone who stood up for their homeland with honor and died without losing a single centimeter of their native land to the enemy is remembered.

Over the years, the Russian government has established several commemorative signs in honor of the Day of the Border Guard, which are awarded for selfless service on the borders of the country.

Border guard day in neighboring countries

The history of this holiday in Ukraine is interesting. When the former sister-republics broke away from each other one after another, each wanted independence, that is, new ideas, a new worldview and new holidays. Therefore, the Day of the Border Guard in Ukraine was timed to coincide with November 4, the day when the date was celebrated in the Western Border District. But this day did not take root in the army. In 2003, Ukraine officially announced that it was returning to the tradition of celebrating the Day of the Border Guard at the end of May.

A similar story happened in Kyrgyzstan. They managed to celebrate the holiday of the border guards on October 29 for two years and later returned to May 28.

In other countries of the former Soviet Union, Border Guard Day was either abolished or postponed to another day. This is how Armenia celebrates this day on April 26, Turkmenistan on August 11, Azerbaijan on August 18, Kazakhstan on May 18, and Moldova on June 10. As a rule, this is the date of signing the Decree on the organization of the national border parts of the country.

Russia celebrated the day of the border guard today. By tradition, on this day, border guards walk around the city, bathe in fountains and drink a little. This holiday can only be compared with the day of the Airborne Forces and the last call of schoolchildren.

UPD: as reported mnalex2002 "The holiday ended in a successful 100-100 fight! They were separated by three platoons. 70 people were detained, 30 people were shoved into ambulances, the rest were released."

The official version: "the holiday is aimed at demonstrating the combat power of this type of troops, as well as raising the morale of soldiers performing their duty to their homeland and state, but first of all, on this day it is customary to remember the feat of those who did not spare their lives repelling invasions from outside within the borders of one's own country."

01. The main festivities take place in Gorky Park, at VDNKh and in Victory Park. Unfortunately, bad weather did not allow to celebrate it with a mass bathing in the fountains of the city; there were not so many people today as in previous years.

02. Wait a minute, but there are traditions!

03.

04.

05.

06.

07.

08. The police did not interfere in what was happening. Buses with riot police were on duty at a distance so as not to attract attention. Last year in the Park of Culture there was a fight with riot police. Sometimes the police checked the pulse of drunkards and walked away.

09.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.
These are the pictures that passers-by could observe, however, today they were not.

19.

20.

21. "If only they were afraid" is an excellent motto for our army.

22.

23.

24.

25.

26.

27. Some did not calculate their strength.

28. This man did not get drunk, he showed me somersaults, it turned out a funny shot.

29.

30.

31.

32.

33.

34.

35.

36. One of the policemen came up and said:
- Are you Russian?
- Yes.
“Then why are you filming it?”
- What's wrong here?
- Why disgrace Russia?
- Why do you allow this?
- And what to do with them? We should leave here with our faces intact!

We were approached by 2 border guards who saw that we filmed how a drunken company was destroying garbage cans.
- Show me what you got!
- Here…
- Bl * Here are the freaks! It is because of such goats that people think that all border guards are like that!
Do you think this should not be shown?
- No, show me.

37. I also think that it should be shown.

38.

39.

40.

41. So that you don’t get the impression that I was specifically looking for drunken border guards, I specifically found (not without difficulty) sober, pleasant people

42.

43. A man won a pink hare for his son in a dash.

44.

45.

46.

47. Unfortunately, by the evening there were almost no adequate people left, every company wanted to beat the photographer or break the camera. Once from angry border guards chistoprudov -and rescued by riot police, we decided not to risk it and go home.

And finally, opinion from second_sign with which I can agree:
“I want to specifically write a post in defense of graduates, border guards and paratroopers.
The main idea is this: people have the right to one day a year (conditionally), when they can behave as they like (without serious consequences for others). It's like a medieval "masquerade".
And the authorities of Moscow are obliged to organize and direct these holidays, create scenarios for them, otherwise everything will revolve around vodka."

All photographs in this report belong tophoto agency "28-300" , for questions about the use of images, as well as photo shoots, write to e-mail [email protected]

Date in 2019: in May, 28th, Tuesday.

If someone wants to congratulate the border guard on his day, then this must be done on May 28. On this date, every year solemn reviews of personnel are held, a festive table is set, and the exploits of heroes are remembered. Those who served in the army put on uniform caps, meet with friends. For many centuries, sentinels guarded the borders of the state. The holiday was officially established in 1918.

The image of a border guard warrior in Russia is quite highly revered. Soldiers in green caps serve around the clock on the borders of the state. They are always ready to repel an enemy attack, to reveal a violation of the rules for crossing the border. It is noteworthy that our smaller brothers, dogs, serve at the outposts along with the border guards. Four-legged servicemen are ready to catch up with the violator or find prohibited substances at border control. On what day is the day of the border guard, and what traditions do the "green brotherhood" have, about this later.

Some historical facts about the border service

The first information about the border service is found in the annals of medieval Russia. In those days, the state was attacked by the steppe nomads. Therefore, the princes built cities with watchtowers. On the outskirts of large settlements, heroic outposts with guard detachments were located. Mounted observers, like modern sentinel border guards, regularly went on duty.

In 1571, they decided to legalize the guards of Russia. A regulation was created for the conduct of the border service, which was called the Code of the Cossack Service. After 3 years, a decree appeared on the appointment of a single commander of the border service and the creation of a separate border guard corps. And by 1754, against the backdrop of an increase in trade between the states, the rulers of Russia ordered the creation of border customs.

With numerous reforms, the border service lasted until 1914. At this time, the Russian Federation entered the First world war. After the end of the war, the guard troops were disbanded, and a revolution took place in the country. On May 28, 1918, the Decree of the Council of People's Commissars issued a decree that established the Border Guard of the State Borders of the RSFSR. Since then, May 28 is an unofficial holiday, Border Guard Day, which is celebrated annually in our country.

*According to the internal rules of the border troops, a new day begins at 20:00. It was at this time that the division of military units into service facilities took place. Therefore, you can congratulate the border guards after 8 pm on May 27.

Border troops today

AT this moment The Russian Federation has a border length of over 61,000 km. Almost 2/3 of them pass through water areas. The border service has a clear task - to ensure the territorial integrity of the state on land, water and underwater shelves.

In Soviet times, the border agency belonged to the KGB group of troops. In this period, this is a division of the FSB, which is referred to as the Federal Border Service (FPS). Now there are more than 80 garrison detachments on the balance sheet of the FPS, which own about 1,000 outposts. More than 11,000 outfits of 2-3 people go on duty every day. These fighters are accompanied by trained dogs, usually German and European Shepherds.

Video 1. One day in the life of Astrakhan border guards:

Branches of the border service are located in several neighboring countries, such as Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. All units are armed with the most modern weapons. For example, some sections of the border are already equipped with an electron trace strip. The innovation allows remote monitoring of the integrity of the border sections.

Who celebrates the day of the border guard in the Russian Federation

The structure of the Federal Border Service is quite diverse. On May 28, on the streets of cities, you can see young people and veterans with blue, light blue and black bands of green caps. Because the day of the border guard is celebrated:

• demobilized fighters of garrison military units;
• special forces of the border troops ( assault brigades prepared for hot spots);
• maritime border guard (sailors and sailors of the coastal service still celebrate the day of the Navy);
• aviation of the border troops (pilots and engineers, they also celebrate the day of the Air Force).

In 2019, the Federal Border Service will celebrate 101 days of its official existence. All military units will hold a festive review of personnel and a parade. In most cities, veterans and demobilized fighters will meet to remember the joys and hardships military service. As a rule, meetings take place at the mass graves of WWII soldiers or monuments to war veterans.

For the population, a demonstration of the combat readiness of active service fighters is carried out in the form of hand-to-hand combat and elimination of terrorist groups. Along with the FPS fighters, service dogs are required to participate in performances. They demonstrate the detention of the offender and the detection of explosive or narcotic compounds. In the places of deployment of the maritime border service, a review and parade of ships is taking place. AT Orthodox churches solemn prayers are held on this day.

In addition to the border guards of the Russian Federation, many men celebrate May 28 in the post-Soviet states: Ukraine, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan and the Republic of Tajikistan. Once we all lived in the same country of the USSR, which we served by oath.

Video 2. Day of the border guard 2017:

In Moscow, a favorite meeting place for border guards is Gorky Park. It is warm enough in May days, and some of the excited "fighters" do not disdain to swim in the fountains. By the day of May 28, militarized online stores offer various souvenirs: border troops flags, exclusive T-shirts, green vests, commemorative badges, passport stamps and various certificates with the FPS logo, and much more.

Interesting facts about the border service and congratulations

In mature youth, many served on the border famous people. For example, Leonid Agutin, who served in Karelia on the border with Finland. In the late 90s, he wrote the well-known song "Border", which he performed with the "Inveterate Scammers" group. Also, such people as:

• Lukashenko A.G., President of Belarus;
• Saakashvili MN, former president of Georgia;
• Kolokoltsev V.A., Minister of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation;
• Budyonny S.M., red commander;
• Astakhov P.A., former Commissioner for Children's Rights;
• Tinkov O.Yu., businessman, banker.

Also served in the PV: Vladimir Shakhrin, leader of the Chaif ​​group, actor Boris Galkin and many others. Perhaps someone wants to watch feature films about the border, here are the most favorite of the "green brotherhood":

• Border dog Scarlet;
• Shooting mountains;
• Quiet outpost;
• Caravan of death;
• State border.

Video 3. Leonid Agutin and Inveterate Scammers "border":

Congratulations on the holiday - Border Guard Day,

I wish peacetime employees and less violators.

Be happy, border guards.

Our border is guarded

You steadfastly protect her

And even on your beautiful holiday

Cordon dear you watch.

On the day of the border guard I wish

You health, strength, goodness,

So that the service brings joy,

To not be dangerous.

I wish you happiness in your personal life,

High ranks and victories.

I wish you, border guard,

I have many bright, glorious years.

Congratulations on Border Guard Day today

All those who guard the border day and night.

We wish you peace and good,

And know that we respect you very much.

Let the sky be peaceful blue

May you not know the cruelty of the enemy.

Although you are always fighting with weapons,

It never shoots.

Being a border guard is a worthy thing,

Serve honestly, faithfully and courageously,

Borders are always worthy of protecting,

Enemy, never let on the threshold!

We wish you a worthy service always,

Be faithful to the oath, never be shy,

Good luck in all your good deeds,

Tenderness only, always only, in words!

Oleg Khromov, Border Guard:

Please accept our sincere congratulations on the Day of the Border Guard, a real and courageous warrior. And, of course, heartfelt wishes for peace and tranquility. May your service never recognize extraordinary or dangerous situations, and may all training tasks not turn into combat ones. Carry out your service with dignity, and your relatives will cover the rear.

The border guard is pride

It is courage and firmness.

He protects his homeland

Sleep, peace does not know.

We wish him in his personal life,

A lot of happiness and an excellent wife,

And super-excellent income,

And more cash in your wallet.

The enemy will definitely not pass here,

The border is under control

From us reward and honor,

Let us give you.

We congratulate you on the holiday

The whole country is looking at you

And we hope to meet together

An important holiday, as always.