The plan for all chapters is the captain's daughter. Composition “The historical plan for writing“ The Captain's Daughter. Pushkin The Captain's Daughter main characters

Retelling plan

1. The life of the undergrowth Petrusha Grinev.
2. Peter goes to serve in Orenburg.
3. A stranger saves Grinev in a snowstorm, Peter gives the “counselor” a hare sheepskin coat.
4. Acquaintance of Grinev with the inhabitants of the Belogorsk fortress.
5. Duel Grinev and Shvabrin.
6. Peter does not receive the blessing of his parents for the wedding with Masha Mironova.
7. Residents of the fortress learn about the approach of Emelyan Pugachev's troops.
8. Pugachev establishes his power in the fortress.
9. Shvabrin goes over to the side of Pugachev. The rebel releases Grinev, remembering his hare sheepskin coat.
10. Shvabrin becomes the commandant of the fortress and forces Masha, left an orphan, to marry him.
11. Grinev and Savelich go to Masha's aid and meet Pugachev again.
12. Pugachev releases Masha and Grinev.
13. Peter sends Masha to his parents, and he fights against Pugachev.
14. Grinev arrested on Shvabrin's denunciation.
15. Masha seeks justice from the Empress.

retelling

Epigraph: Take care of honor from a young age. (Proverb.)

Chapter 1. Sergeant of the Guard

Pyotr Grinev's father retired; the family had nine children, but all except Peter died in infancy. Petrusha was enrolled in the Semyonovsky regiment even before he was born. The boy is brought up by the serf uncle Savelyich, under whose guidance Petrusha masters Russian literacy and learns to "judge the merits of a greyhound dog." Later, the Frenchman Beaupre was discharged to him, who was supposed to teach the boy "in French, German and other sciences," but he did not educate Petrusha, but drank and walked. The father soon discovered this and drove the Frenchman out.

In the seventeenth year, the father sends Petrusha to the service, but not to Petersburg, as his son hoped, but to Orenburg. Along the way, Grinev meets captain Zurin in a tavern, who teaches him to play billiards, gets him drunk and wins 100 rubles from him. Grinev "behaved like a boy breaking free." The next morning, Zurin demands a win. Wanting to show character, Grinev forces Savelyich, despite his protests, to give out money, and, ashamed, leaves Simbirsk.

Chapter 2

On the way, Grinev asks Savelich for forgiveness for his stupid behavior. On the way they are caught by a storm. They go astray, but they meet a man who leads them to a place to live. At the inn, Grinev looks at the counselor. He speaks with the owner in “allegorical language”: “I flew into the garden, pecked hemp; grandmother threw a pebble, but past. Grinev sees a prophetic dream in which subsequent events are predicted. Grinev gives the counselor a hare sheepskin coat c. gratitude for salvation.

From Orenburg, an old comrade of his father, Andrei Karlovich, sends Grinev to serve in the Belogorsk fortress (40 miles from the city).

Chapter 3

The fortress looks like a village. A sensible and kind old woman, the wife of the commandant, Vasilisa Yegorovna, manages everything.

Grinev meets Alexei Ivanovich Shvabrin, a young officer transferred to the fortress for a duel. He tells Grinev about life in the fortress, caustically describes the commandant's family, speaks especially unflatteringly about the commandant's daughter Mironov Masha.

Chapter 4

Grinev is very attached to the commandant's family. He is promoted to officer. Grinev talks a lot with Shvabrin, but he likes him less and less, and especially his caustic remarks about Masha. Grinev devotes love poems to Masha, mediocre ones. Shvabrin sharply criticizes them, insults Masha to a conversation with Grinev. Grinev calls him a liar, Shvabrin demands satisfaction. To prevent a duel, Vasilisa Yegorovna orders them to be arrested. After some time, Grinev learns from Masha that Shvabrin was wooing her, and she refused him (this explains Shvabrin's stubborn slander against the girl). The duel resumes, Shvabrin insidiously wounds Grinev.

Chapter 5

Masha and Savelich tend to the wounded. Grinev proposes to Masha. He writes a letter to his parents with a request to bless the marriage. Shvabrin comes to visit Grinev, admits that he was to blame. In the letter of Father Grinev - a refusal to bless. Masha avoids Grinev, does not want a wedding without the consent of her parents. Grinev ceases to visit the Mironovs' house, loses heart.

Chapter 6

The commandant receives a notification about Yemelyan Pugachev's band of robbers attacking the fortress. Vasilisa Yegorovna finds out everything, and rumors of an imminent attack spread throughout the fortress. Pugachev surrounds the fortress and calls on the enemy to surrender. Ivan Kuzmich decides to send Masha out of the fortress. Masha says goodbye to Grinev. Vasilisa Egorovna refuses to leave and stays with her husband.

Chapter 7

At night, the Cossacks leave the Belogorsk fortress under the banner of Pugachev. The Pugachevites attack the fortress. The commandant and the few defenders of the fortress defend themselves, but the forces are unequal. Pugachev, who has captured the fortress, arranges a trial. Ivan Kuzmich and his comrades are executed (hanged). When the turn comes to Grinev, Savelich throws himself at the feet of Pugachev, begging to spare the "lord's child", he promises; ransom. Pugachev changes his anger to mercy, remembering the barchuk who gave him a hare sheepskin coat. Residents of the city and garrison soldiers swear allegiance to Pugachev. Vasilisa Yegorovna is taken out onto the porch and killed. Pugachev leaves. The people run after him.

Chapter 10

Grinev goes to Orenburg to see General Andrei Karlovich. Officials offer to bribe Pugachev's people (put a high price on his head). The constable brings Grinev a letter from Masha from the Belogorsk fortress. She reports that Shvabrin is forcing her to marry him. Grinev asks the general to give him a company of soldiers and fifty Cossacks in order to clear the Belogorsk fortress. The General, of course, refuses.

Chapter 11

Grinev and Savelyich go alone to help Masha. On the way, Pugachev's people grab them. Pugachev interrogates Grinev about his intentions in the presence of like-minded people. Grinev confesses that he is going to save the orphan from Shvabrin's claims. The robbers offer to deal not only with Shvabrin, but also with Grinev, namely, hang them both. Pugachev treats Grinev with obvious sympathy, promises to marry him to Masha. In the morning, Grinev in Pugachev's wagon goes to the fortress. In a confidential conversation, Pugachev tells him that he would like to go to Moscow, tells Grinev a Kalmyk tale about an eagle and a raven.

Chapter 12

In the fortress, Pugachev finds out that Shvabrin is mocking Masha, starving her. Pugachev "by the will of the sovereign" releases the girl and wants to immediately marry her to Grinev. Shvabrin reveals that she is the daughter of Captain Mironov. Pugachev decides: "execute so, execute, favor, so favor" and releases Grinev and Masha.

Chapter 13

On the way out of the fortress, the soldiers arrest Grinev, mistaking him for a Pugachevite, and take him to their boss, who turns out to be Zurin. On his advice, Grinev decides to send Masha and Savelich to his parents, while he continues to fight. Pugachev is pursued, caught. The war ends. Zurin receives an order to arrest Grinev and send him under guard to Kazan to the Investigative Commission on the Pugachev case.

Chapter 14

Because of Shvabrin's slanderous denunciation, Grinev is suspected of serving Pugachev. He is sentenced to exile in Siberia.

Grinev's parents are in grief because of the fate of their son. They became very attached to Masha. Masha goes to Petersburg to seek justice from the Empress herself. In Tsarskoye Selo, in the garden, she accidentally meets the Empress, not knowing who is in front of her, and tells the true story of Grinev, explains that he came to Pugachev because of her. Masha is summoned to the palace. At the audience, the empress promises to arrange the fate of Masha and forgive Grinev. He is released from custody.

Duty, honor and mercy in the novel by A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter"

I. Introduction

Duty, honor and mercy are unconditional moral values ​​for Pushkin. But sometimes they conflict with each other.

II. main part

1. Of the main characters of the novel, only for Masha Mironova there is no contradiction between duty, honor and mercy.

In any of her actions (refusal to marry Shvabrin, striving to tackle Grinev, etc.), duty, honor and mercy are merged into one.

2. On the other hand, there is a hero in the novel who constantly acts contrary to duty, and honor, and mercy - this is Shvabrin, who evokes in the reader only a feeling of contempt.

3. Complex relationships between the demands of duty, honor and mercy are typical for such heroes as Grinev, Pugachev, Catherine II.

a) Grinev. Until a certain time, for him there is no contradiction between duty and honor. But at some point he is forced to neglect his duty (to stay in Orenburg) for the sake of honor and mercy (he feels a moral obligation to save Masha and for this he is forced to turn to Pugachev for help). But he does not lose his honor under any circumstances, which is evident, for example, in his attitude towards Pugachev: he refuses to swear allegiance to him, boldly objects to him, and so on.

b) Pugachev. It is characterized by the contradiction between duty and mercy. Duty commands him to execute Grinev together with the defenders of the Belogorsk fortress, and later - for deceiving Masha. But mercy is this case takes over. Even when he paid Grinev in full for the hare sheepskin coat, saving his life and freedom, he continues to do good and merciful deeds, helping, in particular, Grinev to free Masha. It was this principle of mercy that determined Pushkin's sensual attitude towards Pugachev.

c) Catherine II. For her, as well as for Pugachev, a certain contradiction between duty and mercy is characteristic. She, believing Masha, pardoned Grinev, although her duty ordered her to bring him to trial and, perhaps, execution.

4. In the novel The Captain's Daughter, it was important for Pushkin to show that the most important thing in a person is precisely the human principle, which stands above class position, social role, etc. In this regard, two episodes are noteworthy: Grinev's meeting with Pugachev during a snowstorm and Masha's meeting with the Empress. In both cases, these are meetings not of a nobleman with a peasant, and not of an empress with a modest noblewoman - these are meetings of a person with a person. It is in such situations that people tend to show mercy first of all.

III. Conclusion

Mercy is the highest moral value in Pushkin's understanding. It is no coincidence that he put a special merit to himself that he “called for mercy for the fallen” (“I erected a monument to myself not made by hands ...”).

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main characters

Petr Grinev- Pyotr Andreevich Grinev. 16 year old nobleman. Grinev enters the service in the Belogorsk fortress near Orenburg. Here he falls in love with the boss's daughter, the captain's daughter Masha Mironova.

Masha Mironova- Marya Ivanovna Mironova, the captain's daughter. 18-year-old daughter of Captain Mironov. A smart and kind girl, a poor noblewoman. Masha and Petr Grinev fall in love with each other. They overcome many difficulties on the way to happiness.

Emelyan Pugachev— Don Cossack. Raises an uprising and pretends to be the late Emperor Peter III (husband of Catherine II). He attacks the Belogorsk fortress, where Grinev serves. Pugachev has friendly relations with Grinev, despite the fact that Pugachev is a cruel robber.

Chapter 1. Sergeant of the Guard

At the beginning of the story main character Pyotr Grinev tells the reader about his young life. He is the only survivor of 9 children of a retired major and a poor noblewoman, he lived in a middle-class noble family. The upbringing of the young master was actually engaged in the old servant. Peter's education was low, since his father, a retired major, hired the French hairdresser Beaupré as a tutor, leading an immoral lifestyle. For drunkenness and depraved actions, he was expelled from the estate. And his father decided to send 17-year-old Petrusha, through old connections, to serve in Orenburg (instead of St. Petersburg, where he was supposed to go to serve in the guards) and attached an old servant Savelich to him for supervision. Petrusha was upset, because instead of parties in the capital, a dull existence in the wilderness awaited him. During a stopover on the way, the young gentleman made an acquaintance with the rake-captain Zurin, because of whom, under the pretext of training, he got involved in playing billiards. Then Zurin offered to play for money and as a result, Petrusha lost as much as 100 rubles - a lot of money at that time. Savelich, being the keeper of the master's "treasury", is against Peter paying the debt, but the master insists. The servant is indignant, but gives the money back.

Chapter 2

In the end, Piotr is ashamed of his loss and promises Savelich not to gamble again. There is a long road ahead of them, and the servant forgives the master. But because of the indiscretion of Petrusha, they again get into trouble - the impending snowstorm did not embarrass the young man and he ordered the driver not to return. As a result, they lost their way and almost froze. For luck, they met a stranger who helped the lost travelers to go to the inn.

Grinev recalls how then, tired from the road, he had a dream in a wagon, which he called prophetic: he sees his house and his mother, who says that his father is dying. Then he sees an unfamiliar man with a beard in his father's bed, and his mother says that he is her named husband. The stranger wants to give a "father's" blessing, but Peter refuses, and then the man takes up the ax, and corpses appear around. He does not touch Peter.

They drive up to the inn, reminiscent of a thieves' haven. A stranger, frozen in a cold in one Armenian coat, asks Petrusha for wine, and he treats him. A strange conversation took place between the peasant and the owner of the house in the language of thieves. Peter does not understand the meaning, but everything he hears seems very strange to him. Leaving the rooming house, Peter, to Savelich's next displeasure, thanked the escort by granting him a hare sheepskin coat. To which the stranger bowed, saying that the age would not forget such mercy.

When Peter finally gets to Orenburg, his father's colleague, having read the cover letter with the order to keep the young man "in tight rein", sends him to serve in the Belgorod fortress - even more wilderness. This could not but upset Peter, who had long dreamed of a guards uniform.

Chapter 3

The owner of the Belgorod garrison was Ivan Kuzmich Mironov, but his wife, Vasilisa Yegorovna, actually ran everything. Simple and sincere people immediately liked Grinev. The elderly Mironov couple had a daughter, Masha, but so far their acquaintance has not taken place. In the fortress (which turned out to be a simple village), Peter meets a young lieutenant Alexei Ivanovich Shvabrin, who was exiled here from the guards for a duel that ended in the death of the enemy. Shvabrin, having a habit of speaking unflatteringly about those around him, often spoke caustically about Masha, the captain's daughter, exposing her as a complete fool. Then Grinev himself gets acquainted with the daughter of the commander and questions the statements of the lieutenant.

Chapter 4

By nature, the kind and benevolent Grinev began to become friends with the commandant and his family more and more, and moved away from Shvabrin. The captain's daughter Masha did not have a dowry, but turned out to be a charming girl. Shvabrin's caustic remarks did not please Peter. Inspired by thoughts of a young girl in quiet evenings, he began to write poems for her, the content of which he shared with a friend. But he ridiculed him, and even more began to humiliate Masha's dignity, assuring that she would come at night to the one who would give her a pair of earrings.

As a result, the friends quarreled, and it came to a duel. Vasilisa Yegorovna, the wife of the commandant, found out about the duel, but the duelists pretended to have reconciled, deciding to postpone the meeting the next day. But in the morning, as soon as they had time to draw their swords, Ivan Ignatich and 5 invalids were led out under escort to Vasilisa Yegorovna. Having reprimanded, as it should, she let them go. In the evening, Masha, disturbed by the news of the duel, told Peter about Shvabrin's unsuccessful matchmaking for her. Now Grinev understood his motives for his behavior. The duel did take place. The confident swordsman Peter, taught at least something worthwhile by the tutor Beaupre, turned out to be a strong opponent for Shvabrin. But Savelich appeared at the duel, Peter hesitated for a second and was eventually wounded.

Chapter 5

The wounded Peter was nursed by his servant and Masha. As a result, the duel brought the young people closer, and they were inflamed with mutual love for each other. Wanting to marry Masha, Grinev sends a letter to his parents.

Grinev reconciled with Shvabrin. Peter's father, having learned about the duel and not wanting to hear about the marriage, became furious and sent an angry letter to his son, where he threatened to be transferred from the fortress. At a loss as to how his father could find out about the duel, Peter attacked Savelich with accusations, but he himself received a letter with the owner's displeasure. Grinev finds only one answer - Shvabrin reported the duel. Father's refusal to bless does not change Peter's intentions, but Masha does not agree to secretly marry. For a while they move away from each other, and Grinev understands that unhappy love can deprive him of his mind and lead to debauchery.

Chapter 6

Unrest begins in the Belgorod fortress. Captain Mironov receives an order from the general to prepare the fortress for an attack by rebels and robbers. Emelyan Pugachev, who called himself Peter III, escaped from custody and terrified the neighborhood. According to rumors, he had already captured several fortresses and was approaching Belgorod. It was not necessary to count on victory with 4 officers and army "disabled". Alarmed by rumors about the capture of a nearby fortress and the execution of officers, Captain Mironov decided to send Masha and Vasilisa Yegorovna to Orenburg, where the fortress is stronger. The captain's wife speaks out against the departure, and decides not to leave her husband in difficult times. Masha says goodbye to Peter, but she fails to leave the fortress.

Chapter 7

Ataman Pugachev appears at the walls of the fortress and offers to surrender without a fight. Commandant Mironov, having learned about the betrayal of the constable and several Cossacks who joined the rebel clan, does not agree to the proposal. He orders his wife to dress Masha as a commoner and take the priest to the hut, and he himself opens fire on the rebels. The battle ends with the capture of the fortress, which, together with the city, passes into the hands of Pugachev.

Right at the commandant's house, Pugachev perpetrates reprisals against those who refused to take the oath to him. He orders the execution of Captain Mironov and Lieutenant Ivan Ignatich. Grinev decides that he will not swear allegiance to the robber and will accept an honorable death. However, here Shvabrin comes up to Pugachev and whispers something in his ear. The chieftain decides not to ask for the oath, ordering all three to be hanged. But the old faithful servant Savelyich rushes at the feet of the ataman and he agrees to pardon Grinev. Ordinary soldiers and residents of the city take the oath of allegiance to Pugachev. As soon as the oath ended, Pugachev decided to dine, but the Cossacks pulled out of the commandant's house, where they robbed the good, naked Vasilisa Yegorovna by the hair, who was crying for her husband and cursing the convict. Ataman ordered to kill her.

Chapter 8

Grinev's heart is out of place. He understands that if the soldiers find out that Masha is here and alive, she cannot escape reprisals, especially since Shvabrin took the side of the rebels. He knows that his beloved is hiding in the priest's house. In the evening the Cossacks came, sent to take him to Pugachev. Although Peter did not accept the False Tsar's offer of all honors for the oath, the conversation between the rebel and the officer was friendly. Pugachev remembered the good and now gave Peter freedom in return.

Chapter 9

The next morning, Pugachev, in front of the people, called Peter to him and told him to go to Orenburg and report on his offensive in a week. Savelich began to fuss about the plundered property, but the villain said that he would let him go on sheepskin coats for such impudence. Grinev and his servant leave Belogorsk. Pugachev appoints Shvabrin as a commandant, and he himself goes on another feat.

Pyotr and Savelich are on foot, but one of Pugachev's gang caught up with them and said that His Majesty would grant them a horse and a sheepskin coat, and fifty, but he supposedly lost it.
Masha fell ill and lay delirious.

Chapter 10

Arriving in Orenburg, Grinev immediately reported on the deeds of Pugachev in the Belgorod fortress. A council met, at which everyone except Peter voted for defense, not attack.

A long siege begins - hunger and want. Peter, on another sortie into the camp of the enemy, receives a letter from Masha, in which she prays to save her. Shvabrin wants to marry her and keeps her in captivity. Grinev goes to the general with a request to give half a company of soldiers to save the girl, which is refused. Then Peter decides to help out his beloved alone.

Chapter 11

On the way to the fortress, Pyotr falls into Pugachev's guard and is taken for interrogation. Grinev honestly tells everything about his plans to the troublemaker and says that he is free to do whatever he wants with him. Pugachev's thug-advisers offer to execute the officer, but he says, "pardon, so pardon."

Together with the robber ataman, Peter goes to the Belgorod fortress, on the way they are talking. The rebel says that he wants to go to Moscow. Peter in his heart pities him, begging him to surrender to the mercy of the empress. But Pugachev knows that it is already too late, and says, come what may.

Chapter 12

Shvabrin keeps the girl on water and bread. Pugachev pardons the arbiter, but learns from Shvabrin that Masha is the daughter of an unsworn commandant. At first he is furious, but Peter, with his sincerity, this time also achieves favor.

Chapter 13

Pugachev gives Peter a pass to all outposts. Happy lovers go to their parents' house. They confused the army convoy with the Pugachev traitors and were arrested. In the head of the outpost, Grinev recognized Zurin. He said he was going home to get married. He dissuades him, assuring him to remain in the service. Peter himself understands that duty calls him. He sends Masha and Savelich to their parents.

The fighting of the detachments that arrived in time to rescue broke the robber plans. But Pugachev could not be caught. Then there were rumors that he was rampant in Siberia. Zurin's detachment is sent to suppress another outbreak. Grinev recalls the unfortunate villages plundered by savages. The troops had to take away what people could save. The news came that Pugachev had been caught.

Chapter 14

Grinev, on Shvabrin's denunciation, was arrested as a traitor. He could not justify himself with love, fearing that Masha would also be interrogated. The Empress, taking into account the merits of her father, pardoned him, but sentenced him to life exile. The father was in shock. Masha decided to go to Petersburg and ask the Empress for her beloved.

By the will of fate, Maria meets the Empress in the early autumn morning and tells her everything, not knowing who she is talking to. On the same morning, a cab was sent for her to the house of a secular lady, where Masha got a job for a while, with an order to deliver Mironov's daughter to the palace.

There Masha saw Catherine II and recognized her as her interlocutor.

Grinev was released from hard labor. Pugachev was executed. Standing on the chopping block in the crowd, he saw Grinev and nodded.

The reunited loving hearts continued the Grinev family, and in their Simbirsk province, under glass, was kept a letter from Catherine II pardoning Peter and praising Mary for her intelligence and kind heart.

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1 chapter. Sergeant of the Guard The story "The Captain's Daughter", the retelling of which you are reading, begins with Pyotr Grinev's story about his life. He was the only child who managed to survive out of 9 children of a poor noblewoman and a retired major, he lived in a noble family with an average income. The old servant was in fact the tutor of the young master. Peter received a poor education, as his father hired a Frenchman - a hairdresser Beaupré - as a tutor. This man led an immoral, dissolute life. For depraved actions and drunkenness, he was eventually expelled from the estate. And Petrusha, a 17-year-old boy, his father decided to send him to serve in Orenburg through old connections. He sent him there instead of Petersburg, where they were supposed to take the young man into the guard. To look after his son, he attached Savelich, an old servant, to him. Petrusha was very upset, because instead of the capital's parties, a bleak existence awaited him in this wilderness. Alexander Sergeevich writes about these events in the story "The Captain's Daughter" (1 chapter). - Chapter 2. Counselor We continue to describe the events of the story "The Captain's Daughter". The retelling of the second chapter is as follows. Peter, in the end, begins to be ashamed of this loss and promises the servant not to play for money anymore. A long journey awaits them, and Savelich forgives his master. But again, because of Peter's imprudence, they get into trouble. Despite the impending storm, Grinev ordered the coachman to continue on their way, and they got lost and almost froze. However, luck was on the side of the heroes - they suddenly met a stranger. He helped the travelers to reach the inn. -3 chapter. Fortress Chapter 3 of the story "The Captain's Daughter", a retelling of which is offered to your attention, begins with the following events. We get acquainted with the commandant of the fortress. Ivan Kuzmich Mironov was her master, but in fact everything was controlled by the chief's wife, Vasilisa Yegorovna. These soulful and simple people immediately liked Peter. The already middle-aged couple had a young daughter Masha, but so far her acquaintance with the main character has not taken place. In a fortress that turned out to be an ordinary village, a young man meets a lieutenant named Alexei Ivanovich Shvabrin. He was sent here from the guard for participating in a duel that ended in the death of his opponent. This hero often taunted about Masha, the captain's daughter, making her look like a fool, and generally had a habit of speaking unflatteringly about people. After Grinev himself met the girl, he expresses doubts about the lieutenant's remark. Let's continue our retelling. "The Captain's Daughter", chapter 4, in summary Complacent and kind by nature, Grinev began to communicate more and more closely with the commandant's family, and gradually moved away from Shvabrin. Masha did not have a dowry, but she turned out to be a lovely girl. Peter did not like Shvabrin's caustic remarks. In the evenings, inspired by thoughts about this girl, he began to write poems to her and read them to Alexei Ivanovich. But he only ridiculed him, starting to humiliate the girl's dignity even more, saying that she would come at night to anyone who would give her earrings. - Further. Chapter 4 Duel -

The events of A.S. Pushkin's "The Captain's Daughter" takes place against the backdrop of the uprising of Emelyan Pugachev. The story is told on behalf of the protagonist, Pyotr Grinev, who was a participant in those events and managed to maintain the honor and courage of a real officer, having gone through a severe life test. We invite you to familiarize yourself with brief analysis works according to the plan "The Captain's Daughter". This material can be used to work in literature lessons in grade 8, and in preparation for the exam.

Brief analysis

Year of writing- 1833 - 1836

History of creation- Pushkin worked on the story during the period from 1833 to 1836. At first, the poet wanted to create a documentary essay, but in the process of studying historical materials, he had the idea of ​​​​creating a work of art.

Topic- The main theme of "The Captain's Daughter" is the moral choice in difficult conditions, the preservation of honor and dignity. Also in the text there are themes of love and education.

Composition- The story is built in the form of notes of a young nobleman, in which he tells a story about the Pugachev uprising.

Genre- There is still an open question about the genre of The Captain's Daughter. The work covers a long period of time, the phases of growing up of the protagonist, historical documentary data, all this allows us to attribute this work to the genre of the novel. At the time of the writer, multi-volume works were considered novels, and The Captain's Daughter received the genre of a story.

Direction- Realism and romanticism.

History of creation

The history of the creation of the "Captain's Daughter" has many motives, some of which the writer learned from the novels of Walter Scott, in whose works there were historical facts. The poet studied history Russian state, and the figure of Emelyan Pugachev aroused great interest in him. Pushkin collected historical facts, conducted conversations with participants in the events of the Pugachev rebellion. Initially, his decision was to create a documentary historical work. The writer had collected a lot of material, and he came up with the idea of ​​writing a fictional narrative, where the image of Pugachev was more clearly expressed. The author began work on The Captain's Daughter in 1833, the final year of writing the story was 1836.

In The Captain's Daughter, the analysis of the work requires the disclosure of the main idea of ​​this narrative. Any power acts on the suppression of the individual, using a hard regime. The poet comes to the conclusion that: "God forbid to see a Russian rebellion, senseless and merciless."

This is the whole point of his story.

Topic

The theme of the peasant revolution covers the huge problems of that troubled time. Main problems"The Captain's Daughter" is the problem of power, the moral choice of a person, his place in history, and, as one of the components, the problem of education.

The fact is that the meaning of the name"The Captain's Daughter" contains the essence of the whole work. On the background love theme goes through the whole story. It was Maria Mironova who became the catalyst for all Grinev's actions, for her sake, he is ready for exploits. The feeling of love experienced by Grinev plays a big role in the formation of his character, this is also expressed in the conflict with Shvabrin, when Grinev, without hesitation, defends the girl's honor, and in the episode with Pugachev, when the nobleman again tries to protect Maria and save her life.

Pugachev, seeing such selflessness and courage of Grinev, adequately assesses his behavior. And Maria herself, this timid and defenseless girl, for the love of Grinev, dared to seek help from Catherine II herself.

Thanks to the feeling of love awakened in him, Grinev was able to demonstrate high moral principles, he opposed himself to Pugachev, but was able to maintain honor and dignity, an important role in this was played by the worthy upbringing of a young man.

Shvabrin, with his lack of spirituality and petty vile character, could not stand the test, and easily committed betrayal. His dodgy nature is ready only to save his life by any means.

Composition

The features of the composition used by the writer allowed him to overcome censorship barriers. With their expressive artistic means, as if setting out the essence of the events through the mouth of Grinev, the author reliably and consistently presents the historical facts of the peasant revolution.

The compositional construction of the story describes two opposing camps between which there is a war. Emelyan Pugachev is at the head of the people's camp, and Catherine II is at the head of the nobles.

By contrast, the great Russian poet makes it clear what these opposing forces really are. Descriptions of landscapes are of great importance in the story. Drawn with maximum accuracy, they fully correspond to the events taking place, giving them great expressiveness and significance.

Comparing all the above facts of analysis, we can conclude that the moral maturity of a person comes through tests to which his convictions are subjected. Much in the formation of character depends on education, on the environment where a person lived and was brought up. An important role in this is played by the personal example of senior comrades, their dedication and courage, firm conviction that they are right, purposefulness and unshakable will.

Understanding what this work teaches, it becomes clear that the author calls for the fact that the honor of a person is brought up from a young age, and only firm convictions, and strong will enable them to make the right moral choice.

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Genre

Many of the critics highly appreciated the genre originality of Pushkin's story.

The poet's contemporaries were convinced that his book belongs to the direction of realism, reflecting real events, but descriptions using historical materials, the central figure of which is the romantic hero Pugachev, give him a characteristic of romanticism.

Both the historical line and the romantic plot, all this leaves the story "The Captain's Daughter" popular today.

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Analysis Rating

average rating: 4.6. Total ratings received: 2218.