Heavenly light. See what "Heavenly Bodies" is in other dictionaries. animals - houses of the planets

heavenly bodies

Sun, moon, planets and stars.

Astronomical dictionary. EdwART. 2010 .

See what "Heavenly Bodies" is in other dictionaries:

- (Stars, luminary, heavenly bodies) common name for planets and stars. Samoilov K.I. Marine Dictionary. M. L.: State Naval Publishing House of the NKVMF USSR, 1941 Luminaries of heaven a common name for the Sun, Moon, planets and stars ... Marine Dictionary

Quantities that determine the position of the luminary on the celestial sphere. In the horizontal coordinate system, the position of the star is determined by altitude and azimuth, in the equatorial coordinate system by declination and hour angle (1st equatorial coordinate system) ... ... Marine Dictionary

The celestial coordinate system is used in astronomy to describe the position of luminaries in the sky or points on an imaginary celestial sphere. The coordinates of the luminaries or points are given by two angular values ​​(or arcs) that uniquely determine the position ... ... Wikipedia

Numbers, with the help of which they determine the position of the luminaries and auxiliary points on the celestial sphere (See Celestial Sphere). In astronomy they use various systems N. to. Each of them is essentially a system of polar coordinates ... ...

An astronomical phenomenon caused by the daily rotation of the Earth around its axis; the moment the luminary crosses the horizon when it passes into the visible half of the celestial sphere lying above the horizon. Hour angle t of the star (see Celestial ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

The height of the celestial body, the angle between the direction to the luminary and the plane of the true horizon; see Celestial coordinates... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Astronomy Ancient Greece astronomical knowledge and the views of those people who wrote on ancient Greek, regardless of the geographical region: Hellas itself, the Hellenized monarchies of the East, Rome or early Byzantium. Covers ... ... Wikipedia

A branch of astrometry that develops mathematical methods solving problems related to the study of the apparent location and movement of luminaries (stars, the Sun, the Moon, planets, artificial celestial bodies, etc.) in the celestial sphere. Widely used in… Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Repeatedly found in the Bible, the collective naming of angels, as well as heavenly bodies. The angelic host trumpets victory ... Wikipedia

Astronomy of the Islamic Middle Ages astronomical knowledge and views common in the Middle Ages in the Arab Caliphate and in the states that arose on its ruins, that is, in the Middle and Near East, a significant part of ... ... Wikipedia

Books

• Heavenly luminaries, Flammarion K. From the author's preface: `Fifty thousand copies of this little book sowed a good seed everywhere and lifted a corner of the veil in front of the most diverse minds, which still hides almost from ...
• Heavenly Luminaries, Flammarion K. This book will be produced in accordance with your order using Print-on-Demand technology. From the author's preface: "Fifty thousand copies of this little book sowed good seed everywhere ...

There is an opinion that representatives of the same elements of the horoscope get along well with each other - Aries with Sagittarius, Cancer with Scorpio, Libra with Aquarius, Leo with Leo, etc. After all, they are so similar in their goals and aspirations.

I hasten to disappoint you - in fact, everything is much more complicated. The influence of the ruling planet on the nature of a particular sign of the Zodiac, and hence the relationship that it builds with people, is sometimes decisive in whether the union will be happy.

DIFFERENCE...

Easter is the greatest Christian holiday When "death trampled down death", Christ returned to our world, the Light regained strength, and humanity gained faith and hope for victory. An eternal reminder of this is the miracle of the Holy Fire descending in the Jerusalem Church of the Holy Sepulcher.

From it, believers light bundles of 33 candles, according to the number of the Lord's earthly years, and keep these candles scorched by heavenly fire as the greatest treasure, as a sacred gift. The task of every Christian is not to forget himself and ...

For a long time, Angels were represented to us as creatures in long robes with large wings behind their backs and golden hair. Such a representation was formed as the main principle of the representation of Angels, including their depiction in art - winged Beings.

In addition, the presence of a certain number of wings could indicate the nature of the Angel, the more wings, the higher his position in relation to the Creator.

That there are other rational beings besides us and above us...

The sun symbolizes the pure essence of life. It is a radiant force that gives light and energy to everything in the universe.

The sun is the light of your life, and the sign that it hits is a special coloring of your life energy, It is the essence of the very presence, including your strength and richness of existence in the moment of the “Now”.

Since the Sun rules the sign of Leo, one of the qualities of which is admiration, people have a strong tendency to admire and strive for sunlight...

The relationship between the universal Mind and human consciousness is difficult to express in words, however, upon careful consideration, we can understand it.

In reality, there is only one Mind. But each of us, to a certain extent, has free will, individuality and independence.

Man consists of Spirit, soul and body. Spirit is the central and unchanging "I" in each of us, which does not change throughout our lives, and will remain unchanged in eternity. Same part...

The magic of light is healing, creative, guiding

Light magic is white, pure magic that is used only to help people, save them from adversity. And this is not surprising, because light destroys darkness.

Even a small ray in the dark can illuminate the road, show the way, save you from nightmares when, it would seem, there is no way out. So the magic of light helps, heals, indicates the right paths, returns happiness, love and hope. The magic of light is a lot...

Light is a constant connection with every particle in existence. Figuratively speaking, he is the messenger of the electromagnetic field. Light continues to flow through us. It resides at the core of our cells and DNA. DNA is tuned and corrected by this stream of light!

We are energized by light. The increase in flow leads to the evolution of our natural potentials. Our natural systems operate on the basis of superconductivity, that is, a flow without resistance. There is a constant flow of energies entering and leaving...

AT HOME
HEAVENLY SPHERE*

***
critical astrological studies

There, from the dark earth, and from Tartarus, hidden in darkness,

And from the barren abyss of the sea, and from the starry sky

All lie down one after another, both ends and beginnings, -
Terrible, gloomy; even the gods tremble before them...
Hesiod
“Works and days” (7th century BC)

There is a well-established opinion about the historical way of Man's observation of the Sky, of the material objects of the Universe, that is, of the fixed and moving stars...

It has a beneficial effect on human immunity and promotes spiritual growth. This ritual requires the privacy of the practitioner. It is better if it is held at the place of Power.

First of all, you should take off your shoes, loosen the pressure of the belt and sit on your heels facing ...

In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth

The very concept of the beginning of all things is the basis of modern astronomy and astrophysics. The assertion that there was emptiness and chaos in the beginning, and only then order was established, finds confirmation in the latest theories, which indicate that it is chaos, and not long-term stability, that governs the universe. In addition, the Bible tells that the starting point of the creation process was a ray of light.

Perhaps this is a reference to the "big bang" - the theory according to which the universe was formed as a result of a primary explosion, an emission of energy in the form of light, which gave rise to the matter flying in different directions, which consists of stars, planets, stones on earth and themselves people, and who created all those miracles that we see in heaven and on earth? This is what some scientists believed, inspired by the wisdom of our main source of knowledge. But how could people who lived many thousands of years ago know about the Big Bang theory? Or is the story told by the Bible related to what happened closer to our cosmic home, and tells about the formation of our small planet Earth and that region of space called the “vault of heaven”?

And indeed, where did ancient man could take the science of cosmology? What did he really know and how?

It is quite logical that we begin to look for answers to these questions where the events of interest to us began to unfold - in heaven - and from where man from time immemorial led the history of both his origin and his values ​​- or, if you like, God. No less impressive than the discoveries made with a microscope, was seen through a telescope, filling us with awareness of the greatness of nature and the universe. Of all the past achievements, the first place, without a doubt, should be put on discoveries related to the immediate space environment of our planet. It was amazing! In just a few decades, earthlings have taken to the air, scoured the space within a few hundred miles above the surface of the planet, visited its only satellite, the Moon, and sent an army of unmanned spacecraft to study our space neighbors, discovering worlds full of life and energy, with their amazing paints, shapes, satellites and rings. Perhaps for the first time ever, we were able to appreciate the meaning and depth of the Psalmist's words:

The heavens proclaim the glory of God, and the firmament proclaims the works of His hands.

A fantastic era of exploration of neighboring planets reached its stunning climax in August 1989, when the unmanned space probe Voyager 2 flew past distant Neptune and sent photographs of that planet and other scientific information back to Earth. A device weighing about a ton, equipped with television cameras, sensors, measuring equipment, a nuclear power source, transmitting antennas and miniature computers (Fig. 1) sent weak signals to Earth, which, even when moving at the speed of light, took four hours to reach our planet. On Earth, these pulses were received by the network of radio telescopes of the Deep Space Tracking and Control Network and the American Bureau of Aeronautics and Space Research ( NASA). Then the powerful computers of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL) in the California city of Pasadena converted these weak signals into photographs, maps and other useful information.

Voyager 2 was launched in August 1977 - twelve years before its last mission to Neptune - and, along with its brother Voyager 1, was intended to explore only Jupiter and Saturn and obtain more information about these gas giants previously explored unmanned probes Pioneer-10 and Pioneer-11. However, the ingenuity and high skill of JPL scientists and engineers made it possible to take advantage of a rare case of a favorable location of the outer planets of the solar system and, using their gravitational attraction for a perturbation maneuver, direct Voyager 2 first from Saturn to Uranus, and then from Uranus to Neptune (Fig. 2).

At the end of August 1989, for several days, news about other worlds pressed the media mass media armed conflicts, political scandals, sports, news from the markets - all that makes up the daily concerns of mankind.

For several days the world we call Earth has been busy looking at another world. Earthlings were staring at their TV screens, mesmerized by close-up photographs of another planet we call Neptune.

When the dizzying spectacle of the aquamarine ball appeared on our screens, commentators emphasized that for the first time man had the opportunity to see a planet located almost three billion miles away, which even in the most powerful telescopes appeared as a dim spot against the deep blackness of space.

They reminded us that Neptune was only discovered in 1846, when recorded changes in the orbit of the planet Uranus, located closer to us, indicated the existence of some celestial body behind it. None of the great astronomers - neither Sir Isaac Newton, nor Johannes Kepler, who discovered the laws of celestial mechanics in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, nor Copernicus, who in the sixteenth century placed not the Earth, but the Sun at the center of the solar system, nor Galileo, who a century after Copernicus discovered with the help of his telescope, the four moons of Jupiter - not to mention their predecessors, did not suspect the existence of Neptune until the middle of the nineteenth century. Thus, not only ordinary viewers, but also astronomers themselves for the first time observed what no one had seen before - for the first time we learned what the planet Neptune looks like.

However, two months before this historic August mission, I wrote an article for a number of American and European magazines in which I refuted these long-held views and argued that Neptune was known to people in antiquity and that modern discoveries only confirm the knowledge of the ancients. I predicted that Neptune would turn out to be a blue-green planet with patches reminiscent of "marsh vegetation" in color.

Voyager 2's electromagnetic signals confirmed my hunch. And not only. The aquamarine planet found itself surrounded by an atmosphere of helium, hydrogen, and methane, in which winds raged with such force that Earth's hurricanes looked calm in comparison. Enigmatic giant "spots" were visible through this atmosphere, either darker or greenish-yellow, perhaps depending on the angle of the sun's rays.

As expected, the temperature of the atmosphere and the surface of the planet was negative, but it was unexpectedly discovered that heat was radiating from the depths of Neptune. Refuting assumptions that Neptune is a "gas" planet, the Voyager 2 data suggested that the planet has a solid shell, over which it floats, as scientists from the "thick crumb of ice" put it. This semi-liquid layer covering the solid shell of Neptune, during the rotation of the planet, making a revolution in sixteen hours, plays the role of a kind of generator, creating a quite tangible magnetic field.

This beautiful planet was found to be surrounded by several rings of rock and dust, and to have at least eight satellites, or moons. The latest and largest of them, Triton, was no less amazing than the planet itself. Voyager 2 confirmed the unusual trajectory of this small celestial body (about the size of the Moon): Triton does not rotate counterclockwise, relative to the movement of Neptune and all other planets in the solar system, but clockwise. Astronomers knew only about the existence of Triton, about its approximate size and about reverse direction rotation. Voyager 2 found it to be a "blue moon" due to the presence of methane in its atmosphere. The pinkish-gray surface of Triton was visible through the thin atmosphere, covered on one side by an uneven mountainous landscape, and on the other - almost flat, almost without craters. Pictures taken at close range suggested volcanic activity, only of a very strange nature: the active, hot core of this celestial body spewed out flows of not molten lava, but half-melted ice. Even preliminary estimates showed that on the surface of Triton in the recent - by geological standards - the past was liquid water and even lakes existed. Astronomers could not find an explanation for the "double mountain ranges" that stretched in straight lines for many hundreds of kilometers and intersected at right angles in several places, forming rectangular regions (Fig. 3).

Thus, all these discoveries fully confirmed my predictions: blue-green color, a lot of water and patches of "marsh vegetation". The latter aspect may not just be about color, given the implications of the discoveries made on Triton: according to one NASA scientist, “darker spots with a brighter halo” could indicate “ deep lakes organic leftovers." Bob Davis of Pasadena told The Wall Street Journal that the volcanic activity of Triton, which contains the same percentage of nitrogen in the atmosphere as the Earth's atmosphere, can manifest itself in the release of not only gases and ice, but also "organic substances, compounds based on carbon, probably covering part of the surface of this celestial body.

Such an amazing and pleasant coincidence with my predictions was not the result of a lucky guess. It goes back to 1976, when my first Earth Chronicle book, The Twelfth Planet, was published. Based on the conclusions of the ancient Sumerian texts, I asked a rhetorical question in it: “Will modern research on Neptune find that it owes its association with water to the marshy swamps that once existed on it?”

Why, on the eve of this event, was I so sure that the predictions made in 1976 would come true, and not afraid that they would be refuted a few months after the publication of the article? My confidence was based on what happened in January 1986 when Voyager 2 flew by the planet Uranus.

Uranus is somewhat - "only" two billion miles away - closer to us than Neptune, but much farther away than Saturn, and cannot be seen from Earth with the naked eye. This planet was discovered in 1781 by Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel, a musician who, after improving his telescope, became an amateur astronomer. From that time to the present day, Uranus was considered the first planet, which was unknown in antiquity and which was discovered only in our days. Scientists believed that the ancients knew only about the Sun, the Moon and the five planets of the solar system (Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn) - and worshiped them - which moved around the Earth "in the firmament"; people could not see anything further than Saturn.

However, all the information collected by Voyager 2 in the vicinity of Uranus proved the opposite: ancient people knew not only about Uranus, but also about Neptune and even more distant Pluto!

Scientists continue to analyze photos of Uranus and its amazing moons, looking for answers to countless mysteries. Why is Uranus "lying on its side" as if it had been hit by a collision with another celestial body? Why do the winds on it blow in the opposite direction, opposite to what is considered the norm in the solar system? Why is the temperature on the shadow side the same as on the one facing the Sun? How were formed unusual shapes and formations on some moons of Uranus? Especially intriguing is the moon, named Miranda - according to one of the NASA astronomers, "one of the most mysterious objects in the solar system." On this satellite, a flat, elevated plateau is bounded by 100-mile escarpments that intersect at right angles (this object is called a "chevron" by astronomers), and elliptical shapes are visible on both sides of this plateau, which look like racetracks formed by concentric furrows (photo A and Fig. . four).

However, of all the discoveries associated with Uranus, two features should be distinguished that distinguish it from other planets. First, it's color. Terrestrial telescopes and automatic interplanetary stations have introduced us to the gray-brown Mercury, the greenish-yellow atmosphere of Venus, the reddish Mars, and the multi-colored red-brown-yellow Jupiter and Saturn. However, when the breathtaking views of Uranus appeared on TV screens in January 1986, it was its greenish-blue color that made the most impression, completely unlike anything we have seen on other planets (see photo of Uranus on the back cover page).

The second unexpected difference is the composition of the planet. Voyager 2 disproved astronomers' assumptions that Uranus, like the giants Jupiter and Saturn, is a completely gas planet, and found that its surface is covered with water, and not a shell of ice, but an entire ocean. liquid water. The planet is indeed surrounded by a gaseous atmosphere, but beneath it seething a huge layer - 6,000 miles thick! - "superheated water with temperatures reaching up to 8000 degrees Fahrenheit" (according to analysts from JPL). This layer of liquid hot water surrounds the molten core, in which radioactive elements produce a huge amount of heat (perhaps other processes unknown to us are taking place there).

As Voyager 2 got closer to Uranus and the TV screens became clearer, a commentator from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory drew our attention to the unusual greenish-blue color of the planet. "God! - involuntarily escaped from me. “It matches the Sumerian descriptions exactly!” I rushed into the office, grabbed a copy of The Twelfth Planet from the shelf with trembling hands, and opened it to page 269. Again and again I skimmed through the excerpts from ancient manuscripts. There could be no doubt: despite the fact that the inhabitants of Sumer did not have telescopes, they described the planet Uranus with the term MASH.SIG, which I translated as "bright green."

A few days later, the results of the analysis of the data received by Voyager 2 came in, and the assertion of the Sumerian sources about the presence of water on Uranus was also confirmed. Indeed, water seemed to be everywhere: the television documentary series NOVA reported that Voyager 2 discovered that all of Uranus' moons were made of rocks and ordinary ice. Such an abundance, and even the mere presence, of water on supposedly "gaseous" planets and their satellites at the edge of the solar system turned out to be completely unexpected.

However, as demonstrated in The Twelfth Planet, ancient Sumerian texts testified that several thousand years ago, the Sumerians not only knew about the existence of Uranus, but also accurately described its greenish color and the presence of water.

What does all of this mean? This means that in 1986 modern science did not make a breakthrough into the unknown, but rather rediscovered what was known to the ancients. It was the fact that the 1986 discoveries matched the one I wrote in 1976, and thus confirmed the authenticity of the Sumerian texts, that gave me the courage to predict what Voyager 2 would find when it encountered Neptune.

The Voyager 2 flyby at close range to Uranus and Neptune not only confirmed ancient knowledge regarding the very existence of these planets, but also important details. The exploration of Neptune in 1998 made it possible to obtain additional confirmation of ancient texts. In them, Neptune was in front of Uranus in the list of planets, as if someone penetrated the solar system from outside and saw first Pluto, then Neptune, and then Uranus. In these lists, Uranus is called Kakkab shanamma, that is, "a planet that is a twin" of Neptune. The data obtained by Voyager 2 confirms this observation of the ancients. Uranus is indeed similar to Neptune in color, size and the presence of water; both planets are surrounded by rings and numerous satellites, or moons. An unexpected similarity was also found in the magnetic fields of these planets: they had an unusual inclination relative to the planet's rotation axis - 58 degrees on Uranus and 50 degrees on Neptune. “Neptune appears to be the magnetic twin of Uranus,” John Noble Wilford wrote in The New York Times. The length of the day on both planets is also almost the same - sixteen and seventeen hours.

The fierce winds on Neptune and the crumbling ice that covers its surface are due to the large amount of heat generated by the planet's core - just like on Uranus. Data from an analysis by JPL indicates that "the temperature on Neptune is the same as on Uranus, which is more than a billion miles closer to the Sun." Therefore, scientists have suggested that Neptune produces more heat than Uranus, thus compensating for a greater distance from the Sun. As a result, the temperature on both planets is about the same, and this is an important addition "to the size and other characteristics that make Uranus almost a twin of Neptune."

The Sumerians called Uranus the twin planet of Neptune. Scientists from NASA spoke about "the size and other characteristics that make Uranus almost a twin of Neptune." It is surprising here that not only the characteristics coincide, but also the terminology. True, one statement was made about 4000 years before our era, and the other in 1989, that is, almost 6000 years later ...

In the case of these two distant planets, modern science seems to have only confirmed ancient knowledge. It sounds incredible, but the facts speak for themselves.

The Sumerian kingdom is the first civilization known to us. Appearing suddenly and seemingly out of nowhere about 6000 years ago, it had all the "signs" of a highly developed civilization: inventions and innovations, ideas and philosophies that laid the foundation for our Western culture, as well as all other civilizations and cultures that existed on Earth.

Wheel and drawn wagons, riverboats and seagoing vessels, kilns and bricks, huge buildings, writing, schools and scribes, laws, courts and juries, councils of state, music, dancing and painting, medicine and chemistry, spinning and weaving, religion , clergy and temples - all this originated here in Sumer, in a small country located in the south of modern Iraq, in Ancient Mesopotamia. Sumer is also the birthplace of mathematics and astronomy.

Indeed, all the basic elements of modern astronomy are of Sumerian origin: the concept of the celestial sphere, horizon and zenith, the division of the circle into 360 degrees, the trajectories of the planets along which they move around the Sun, the union of stars into constellations and designation of their names and symbols, which we call zodiacal , the use of the number 12 in relation to the zodiac and to indicate periods of time, the invention of the calendar, which served as the basis for all subsequent calendars up to the modern one. All this - and much more - appeared in Sumer.

The Sumerians recorded trade transactions and court hearings, myths and history on clay tablets (Fig. 5a), and also made relief drawings on cylinder seals, and these images were mirrored, like a negative, and when rolled over wet clay they gave a positive (Fig. 5b). The ruins of Sumerian cities that have been unearthed by archaeologists over the past two centuries have yielded hundreds, if not thousands, of texts and drawings related to astronomy. Among them are lists of stars and constellations with their precise location on the celestial sphere, as well as instructions for observing the rising and setting of stars and planets. Some texts contain detailed descriptions solar system. Among the tablets found in the earth there are texts listing the planets revolving around the Sun, and in the correct order, and in one case even the distances between the planets are given. The drawings on the cylinder seals contain a schematic depiction of the solar system, such as the one shown in photo B. This seal, which is at least 4500 years old, is stored in the Middle East section of the Berlin State Museum under the catalog number UA / 243.

Redrawing the picture from the upper left side of the Sumerian drawing (Fig. 6a), we will see a complete image of the solar system, with the Sun (not the Earth!) located in the center and the planets known to us today revolving around it. This becomes apparent when the planets of the solar system are drawn in the correct order and scale (Fig. 6b). Ancient and modern drawings turn out to be strikingly similar, leaving no doubt that the twin planets Uranus and Neptune were known in antiquity.

However, there are differences in the Sumerian drawing that cannot be attributed to an artist's error or misinformation. On the contrary, these differences - at least two of them - are very important.

The first difference concerns Pluto. This planet has a highly unusual orbit - it has too much inclination with respect to the planes (they are called ecliptics) of rotation of the other planets around the Sun, and is also very elongated, so that sometimes (for example, before 1999 and now) Pluto is closer to the Sun than Neptune. Since the discovery of Neptune in 1930, scientists have debated whether Neptune was originally a moon or a planet; It was widely hypothesized that Pluto was one of Neptune's moons that "for some reason" - no one can say why - lost contact with Neptune and began to revolve around the Sun in its own (albeit strange) orbit.

This hypothesis is confirmed by an ancient drawing - however, with a significant difference. In the Sumerian scheme, Pluto is not located near Neptune, but between Saturn and Uranus. And the Sumerian cosmological texts, which we will get to know in more detail, say that Pluto was a satellite of Saturn, which freed itself and eventually found its own "destiny", that is, an independent heliocentric orbit.

The ancient theory of the origin of Pluto indicates not only familiarity with the actual material, but also a deep knowledge of celestial mechanics. It involves an understanding of the complex forces that formed the solar system, as well as the existence of astrophysical theories, according to which satellites can become planets or planets can turn into satellites. According to Sumerian cosmogony, this is exactly what happened to Pluto. Our Moon, which at the time of its formation was an independent planet, as a result of celestial transformations, has lost its independent status.

The hypothesis that such processes really took place in the solar system turned into a conviction among modern astronomers only after the data obtained from the Pioneer and Voyager spacecraft confirmed that Saturn's largest moon Titan is a nascent planet, the separation of which from Saturn is not yet complete. Studies of Neptune have confirmed the opposite hypothesis regarding its satellite Triton, whose diameter is only 400 miles smaller than the diameter of the Moon. Its strange orbit, volcanic activity, and other unusual characteristics have led scientists at JPL to speculate that - as Voyager Chief Scientist Edward Stone put it - "perhaps Triton is an object that passed through the solar system several billion years ago and which, when approaching Neptune, he fell into the gravitational field of this planet and began to revolve around it.

How far is this hypothesis from the Sumerian claim that the moons are able to turn into planets, change their position on the celestial sphere, or fail in an attempt to acquire an independent orbit? A close study of Sumerian cosmogony makes it clear not only that the discoveries of our day confirm the knowledge of the ancients, but that ancient knowledge offers an explanation for many phenomena not yet known to modern science.

Already at the very beginning, before we get acquainted with the evidence for this statement, a natural question arises: how could the Sumerians know all this at the dawn of human civilization?

The answer can be found in the second difference between the Sumerian diagram of the solar system (Fig. 6a) and its modern image (Fig. 6b). This is the existence of a large planet between Mars and Jupiter. We do not observe this planet, however, Sumerian texts related to cosmology, astronomy and history insist on the existence of another celestial body in the solar system - the twelfth. They included the Sun, the Moon (which was considered an independent celestial body for reasons given in the texts), and ten, not nine, planets. The planet, which in Sumerian sources was called Nibiru (“crossing the sky”), was not Mars or Jupiter, as some scientists believed, but a completely different celestial body that passes between them once every 3600 years.

The Sumerian sources persistently and consistently state that it was from this planet that the ANNUNAKI came to Earth. This word literally means "those who came to earth from heaven." In the Bible they are called anakim, and in chapter 6 of Genesis they are referred to as Nephilim, which in Hebrew means literally the same thing: "those who descended from heaven to earth."

It was from the Anunnaki, the Sumerians explained - as if they had foreseen our question - that they received all the knowledge. Thus, the deep knowledge that we find in the Sumerian texts actually belongs to the Anunnaki who came to Earth from Nibiru; it was probably a highly advanced civilization, because - based on my calculations based on the Sumerian texts - the Anunnaki first appeared on Earth about 445 thousand years ago. Even then they could make space travel. The extremely elongated orbit of their planet formed a loop - this is the exact translation of the Sumerian term - around the outer planets, as a result of which the Anunnaki received a natural observatory to observe them. It is not surprising that today we are discovering what was already known during the time of the Sumerian civilization.

But why would someone fly to this tiny particle of matter, which we call the Earth - and not by chance, not once, but regularly, every 3600 years? The answer to this question is contained in the Sumerian texts. On their planet Nibiru, the Anunnaki (Nefilim) faced the situation that the inhabitants of the Earth would soon have to deal with: the destruction of the ecology made life on the planet more and more difficult. They needed to protect their thinning atmosphere, and the only way to do this is to spray gold particles on top of it, which would play the role of a protective layer. (Thus, for example, the windows of American spacecraft are coated with a thin layer of gold to protect astronauts from cosmic radiation.) This rare metal was discovered by the Anunnaki on the planet, which they called the seventh (if you count not from the Sun, but vice versa), and for its mining they organized an expedition to Earth. At first they tried to extract gold effortlessly - from the waters of what is now the Persian Gulf - but failed and turned to a more laborious method, opening gold mines in southeast Africa.

About 300,000 years ago, the Anunnaki, working in the African mines, revolted. It was then that the leaders of the scientific and medical services of the Anunnaki, with the help of genetic engineering and in vitro conception, created "primitive workers" - the first homo sapiens who had to do hard work in the gold mines.

The subject of my research is the scientific aspects of these discoveries and the methods used by the Anunnaki.

modern science with its brilliant and amazing series of discoveries, it is a road to the future, the main milestones, knowledge and achievements of which repeat the past. As will be shown, the Anunnaki have already passed along this path, and as the relationship between them and the creatures they created changed, they decided to give humanity a civilization, the Anunnaki shared some of their knowledge, as well as the ability to scientific research.

Among the scientific discoveries that will be discussed in the following chapters are those that confirm the existence of Nibiru. Nice to know that in solar system there is another planet, and it is no less pleasant to confirm that the number of planets is not nine, but ten. This news would especially please astrologers, who require not eleven, but twelve celestial bodies for the twelve houses of the zodiac.

If what I have written is true - in other words, that the Sumerians were accurate in their records - the discovery of Nibiru would mean not only the presence of another planet, but also the existence of extraterrestrial life. Moreover, the presence of intelligent beings on it will be confirmed - so advanced that they could make space travel almost half a million years ago and who every 3600 years make flights between their planet and the Earth.

It is the question of who inhabits the planet Nibiru, and not just the existence of life there, that is designed to shake the foundations of the existing religious, social, economic and military order on Earth. What will be the consequences when - not "if" - Nibiru is discovered?

Believe it or not, this question has already been thought about.

heavenly luminary- an astronomical object emitting its own or reflected light; synonymous with the concept of " celestial body". In spherical astronomy, a celestial body can also be understood as the projection of an astronomical object onto the celestial sphere.

The celestial bodies include the Sun and other stars, the Moon, planets, their satellites, as well as asteroids, comets and other bodies.

In fiction, the above names of celestial bodies have found their application in describing other planets. So, visible projections of stars in the heavens and planets revolving around these stars are called suns, celestial projections of natural satellites of planets are called moons, etc.

Five moons twinkled, sparkled, reflected from the surface of the sea; perhaps Seguilo is floundering somewhere nearby.

— Jack Vance, "When the Five Moons Rise"

As usual on the Rainbow, the sun rose in a perfectly clear sky - a small white sun surrounded by a triple halo.

- Strugatsky, "Distant Rainbow"

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An excerpt characterizing the heavenly body

- Oh, is she turning into someone?! .. - Stella squealed. - Look, look!
There really was something to look at, since the “bird” suddenly began to “deform”, turning either into a beast, with human eyes, or into a man, with an animal body ...
- What is it? My girlfriend bulged her brown eyes in surprise. - What's going on with her?
And the “bird” had already slipped out of its wings, and a very unusual creature stood in front of us. It looked like a half-bird, half-human, with a large beak and a triangular human face, very flexible, like a cheetah, body and predatory, wild movements ... She was very beautiful and, at the same time, very scary.
This is Miard. – introduced being Weya. - If you want, he will show you "living creatures", as you say.
The creature, named Miard, again began to appear fairy wings. And he waved them invitingly in our direction.
– And why exactly him? Are you very busy, "star" Weya?
Stella had a very unhappy face, because she was clearly afraid of this strange "beautiful monster", but apparently she did not have the courage to admit it. I think she would rather go with him than be able to admit that she was simply scared ... Veya, clearly reading Stella's thoughts, immediately reassured:
He is very affectionate and kind, you will like him. After all, you wanted to see the living, and it is he who knows this best of all.

Strictly speaking, orientation by celestial bodies is not orientation in the full sense of this concept, since with their help, using simple tools that tourists have, it is impossible to complete the main task - to determine the point of one's standing on the map.

The sun, moon, polar star, provided that the sky is cloudless and they are clearly visible, will only help the tourist to determine the sides of the horizon, and then approximately, with an accuracy of 15-20 ". In some cases, such a low accuracy is sufficient, but it is impossible to move along a “hard” azimuth, guided by celestial bodies.

Produced as follows: the clock is set horizontally, directing the hour hand to the Sun (minute and second hands -

Rice. 88.

ka are not taken into account; electronic clock with a digital indicator is not suitable). The angle between the hour hand directed to the Sun and the direction to the Sun at 13 o'clock (summer) or 14 o'clock (winter) is mentally divided by a straight line in half. This straight line with its end indicates the direction to the south (Fig. 88). It should be noted that this method gives relatively precise definition destinations in winter. In summer, an error of up to 20 is possible.

With the help of the Sun and a watch, it is also possible to determine the required azimuth of movement relatively accurately, knowing that in one hour the Sun moves by 15 °. Based on this, with the help of the Sun and a compass, in the absence of a clock, it is possible to determine approximately the time.

The most accurate direction to the north can be determined at night by polar star which, although it moves relative to terrestrial objects, like all stars, but this deviation in temperate latitudes is only 1.5 ", so it can be neglected. If you stand facing the North Star, then north will be directly in front of you.

In order to find the North Star, located in the constellation Ursa Minor, you must first find the constellation Ursa Major, which is a huge, well-marked "dipper" of seven stars. Let us mentally continue the straight line passing through the two extreme stars of the Big Dipper, and at a distance approximately equal to five times the distance between them, there is a bright Polaris (Fig. 89).

You can also determine the sides of the horizon from the Moon, especially when the stars are not visible due to cloudiness. The full moon opposes the sun, that is, is opposite it. Therefore, the approximate determination of the sides of the horizon by the full moon and the clock is practically carried out in the same way as by the sun and the clock.

In northern latitudes during the night

The northern side of the sky is the brightest, and

Rice. 89 southern - darker.

At noon, the Sun's shadow cast by an object will be at its shortest, and the direction of the shadow will point north. The same will happen with the shadow cast by an object on a full moon at midnight.

Of the other methods for determining the sides of the horizon according to local features, the most accurate are those that rely on traces of human activity. Orthodox church altars

Figure 90 wei are facing east, the bell towers -

usually to the west. Lowered edge of the lower crossbar on the dome Orthodox Church turned to the south, raised - to the north (Fig. 90).

In large forests with a system of clearings, as a rule, clearings are cut in the directions north - south and west - east. The forest is divided by clearings into quarters, which are usually numbered from west to east and from north to south, so that the first number is placed in the northwestern corner, and the last in the southeastern quarter. Quarter numbers

rice are indicated on the quarter pillars, which are placed at the intersection of the glades, and the upper part of the pillar is hewn in the form of faces, on each of which the number of the opposite quarter is inscribed (Fig. 91). Thus, the edge between two adjacent faces with smallest digits indicates north direction. It should be borne in mind that sometimes, for economic reasons, the network of glades can be oriented in another direction, not necessarily in the one indicated above.

It is possible to determine the sides of the horizon least accurately from other local objects, so they must be used carefully, checking yourself on other grounds.

• Mosses and lichens on the bark of trees mainly grow on the north side, as they tend to develop in the shade. They also grow on old wooden buildings, large stones, rocks. Comparing several trees, stones, it is possible to determine the north-south line quite accurately from the moss.
• The bark of trees on the northern side is usually coarser and darker than on the southern side, which is especially noticeable on birch trees.
• Usually, after rain, pine trunks turn black on the north side. This is explained by the fact that a thin secondary crust is developed on the pine bark, which forms earlier on the shady side of the trunk and goes higher than on the southern one. This crust darkens and swells when it rains.
• In hot weather, more resin is released on the south side of the trunk of pines and firs than on the north.
• Grass on the northern outskirts of glades, forest clearings, as well as on the southern side of individual trees, stumps, large stones, is thicker in spring.
• It has been noted that ants almost always arrange their dwellings to the south of the nearest stones, trees and bushes, and the south side of the anthill is flatter than the north.
• Snow near large stones, stumps, rocks, buildings thaws faster on the south side, which is more illuminated by the rays of the sun. In ravines, hollows, pits, it thaws faster on the north side, since the rays of the sun falling from the south do not fall on the southern edges of the depressions. The same thawing is observed in the tracks left in the snow.
• In the spring, around the trunks of free-standing trees, stumps, stones, holes form in the snow, elongated into southbound. In summer, on the north side of the stones, buildings, the land is more humid than on the south, and the southern slopes of the hills are usually drier, less turfed and more prone to erosion processes.
• Knowing the prevailing direction of the winds in a given area, one can also determine the sides of the horizon, and one can also use the direction of the wind when orienting while moving.

It must be admitted that the fairly common idea that the crown of trees is more magnificent on the south side must be recognized as incorrect. In stand-alone trees, the crown configuration depends on the prevailing wind direction, while in the forest, tree branches develop in the direction free space and not to the south. Also, it is impossible to use the possibility of orienting by annual rings of wood growth on the stumps of sawn trees. The width of the wood rings depends on a number of factors (the same wind direction, etc.) and is uneven not only along the saw cut, but also along the vertical. Therefore, the statement that the rings are wider from the south than from the north is incorrect; this sign cannot be used as a guide when determining the sides of the horizon.