Child development program 2 years. Synopsis of a developmental lesson with young children (2–3 years old) “Mouse. How to develop logical and mathematical thinking

Two-year-old children actively explore the space of the outside world around them, and it does not matter that the methods of the baby are very destructive in relation to things. If there is enough strength for this, he will gladly tear, crush or break the object that has fallen into the hands, the main thing is that he himself does not get hurt, so supervision and once again supervision from the parents. This is where an interesting question arises - what to do with a child at 2 years old at home, so that he can benefit and parents have peace of mind?

A two-year-old kid is strikingly different from his younger peers, he is already balancing on the brink of disobedience, trying to win back his rights, because he has pronounced inclinations of character. Due to the expansion of emotional perception, children at two years old are subject to strong and conflicting emotions, which sometimes overflow, so it can be difficult for parents to find a middle ground between prohibitions and permissions. Children react ambiguously to pressure, therefore, when educating, it is not acceptable - a clear, but accessible explanation is required as to why it is “possible” or “impossible”.

It is worth figuring out what activities a child will have at two years of age, especially useful and interesting:

And, of course, all children are drawn to unfamiliar subjects, new games and activities. Therefore, you can interest them in many things that they do not yet have an idea about.

A feature of the age of two is that all the actions of the kids become more consistent, and they can already consciously choose a topic for their game, as well as toys.

What to do with a child at 2 years old at home: video

How to develop a two-year-old, and what activities are needed for this

If adults have set the task of regularly engaging with children with the help of educational games and programs, they should know that, first of all, their baby should like such a “game”. It is good if these lessons combine elements that allow children to use all the senses, and finally, you can play until the child gets bored with fun or gets tired.

For the information of dads and moms, even their favorite toys can get bored, which is why the entertainment offered is so different from traditional games. But for a child, this is a real adventure that can captivate him to a magical land.

To entertain a two-year-old baby, you need a share of imagination:

Laces, ribbons, ropes, zippers

For the development of fine motor skills, so necessary for two-year-old children, it is not necessary to spend money on special educational games and toys. For this, things that are in every home are suitable, for example, all kinds of ribbons, frills, ties, buckles. These are shoelaces, belts, on old clothes, you can also find many additional accessories - buttons, applications, fabric flowers.

After cleaning or washing a thing, you can give it to the baby for fun, show how to make lacing, how to open and close zippers, use fasteners. Having fixed three multi-colored ribbons or ribbons on the back of the chair, you can show the child how to weave a pigtail correctly. These classes will surely appeal to the young researcher, and he will gladly begin to learn new skills.

Hydrogel ball games

Playing with hydrogel balls is another activity that can captivate a two-year-old baby for a long time (but at this age, while playing with hydrogel, you need to be close to the child and make sure that the baby does not eat the hydrogel ball!) Balls that are very pleasant to the touch not only develop fine motor skills . which is important for two-year-olds, but also has a calming effect on the baby.

Read more about hydrogel games.

Skeins of thread, wool, pom-poms

With the help of such "balls", moreover, multi-colored and soft, you can develop motor skills in a child, activate his thought processes and logic. Old pompoms can be used to play "cups". To do this, ordinary plastic glasses are taken, turned over, and a pompom is placed under one of them. The child has to guess where the ball is.

Using multi-colored balls of wool, you can study color, the number of objects and the basics of arithmetic with your baby. In addition, children can just have fun winding and unwinding threads, throwing them up and catching them, getting an idea of ​​the texture of these things by touching them with fingers and palms.

Kinetic (plastic) sand

One of the useful inventions of mankind was this particular product - kinetic sand, which is also called plastic due to its unique properties to maintain the flowability of ordinary dry sand and perfectly keep its shape, like wet sand. Thanks to these features, kinetic sand is pleasant to the touch, the child plays with it with pleasure, kneads it in his hands, and pours it from one container to another.

This develops imagination and fine motor skills, which, in turn, has an active influence on the development of speech. After all, it’s not for nothing that they say: “A child’s speech is at the fingertips.” The nerve endings located at the fingertips stimulate the areas of the brain responsible for the development of the child's speech. Therefore, if you still do not know what to do with a child at 2 years old at home, you should get such useful children's entertainment. We wrote about how to make your own kinetic sand in

Plastic sand can also be colored, laid out in transparent jars, the set can include various molds with which you can fold figures, build turrets, mountains, entire cities - exciting activities for a two-year-old child from which he does not want to break away. See even more ideas for educational games with kenetic (live) sand.

Rags, pieces of fabric, towels, sheets

Not knowing what to do with a child at 2 years old at home, adults can try to use a variety of types of fabrics with different textures. When touching different types of texture - pieces of silk, velvet or cotton, the baby's hand sensitivity increases, the tactile function of the skin develops. The game can take the form of a "question-answer". The kid should close his eyes, feel the material and try to recognize it, describing it in words along the way.

Using shreds of cotton or chintz, you can teach children how to tie knots, starting with the simplest types. In the end, from unnecessary pieces of fabric, you can make a baby bag for toys or other little things that he will collect. Another option is a small hammock, hung low under the table so that the baby can climb into it on his own. By adding a couple of pillows to the “building materials”, adults have the opportunity to please the child with a makeshift house, tent, or design a swing for their favorite toys - bears, bunnies and dolls.

Pasta - horns, spirals, shells

All types of pasta are suitable for role-playing games, except for vermicelli and thin straws, it is good if they have different colors. This is a wonderful and safe material so that a two-year-old girl can feed her dolls with delicious porridge. For boys, pasta can be seen as a building material that needs to be transported to a construction site in the bodies of toy cars.

Old equipment that is out of order

Many children perceive real, adult things with great interest. If the house has old cell phones, calculators, headphones, wool clippers, all this can be given to a child. He will study them with enthusiasm - he will start, of course, by pressing the buttons, but soon he can get to the insides of the device, and then parents will have to control the process, because children are big fans of putting small details into their mouths.

Hole punch and ropes

A great idea is to prepare thick sheets of cardboard for the baby, preferably multi-colored. First, the child can be instructed to make more holes, and then provide him with laces, ropes or ribbons. Let mom or dad secure the first shoelace with a knot and ask the child to continue creating their work of art, for sure, something interesting and unusual will come out of this idea.

Tubes, bottles, jars

To transparent jars, as, indeed, to any containers, two-year-old children are of particular interest. After all, you can put something in them, besides, kids are happy to open and close these little lids. You can pour beads or nuts into a transparent bubble, and then you get a rattle. Also, with the help of these items, you can practice with the transfusion of water.

Boxes and boxes

Cardboard and paper boxes, matchboxes, packaging for cosmetics, medicines, household appliances are especially attractive for young children. Indeed, from this material you can get an excellent house for dolls, a piggy bank where you can put various important trifles, from large boxes it is possible to make a typewriter. Candy boxes are suitable as a frame for a children's drawing.

Salt dough and plasticine

For the development of creative abilities, ordinary salt dough is the best fit, which is in no way inferior to purchased plasticine or expensive polymer clay. It is easy for a child to crush, roll out, it does not get dirty. If you make a thin pancake out of it, a son or daughter may well create a picturesque picture on it using matches, beads, buttons, dry twigs and leaves, threads, cereals.

Sand, salt, cereals

In fact, other loose materials such as pea gravel, coins, glass beads, aquarium soil, beads, small nuts, beads, small buttons, and more can be used to enrich the child's tactile experience. For a variety of games, cereals can be dyed (we wrote about how to color rice in). Games can be very different. This and sifting with the help of strainers with large and small cells of different types of cereals. You can start with two, for example, with semolina and buckwheat, gradually adding other components. A two-year-old baby can be offered to draw with semolina (more on drawing on semolina in)

If the baby is not yet ready for such manipulations, you can start sorting larger and smaller fractions. Small materials - salt or sand are applicable to creating paintings, they just need to be poured into a low tray or baking sheet, leveled and let the child create his masterpieces with his fingers. Previously, the parent will have to teach this son or daughter - to show how to do it correctly.

Later, the kid will be able to make beautiful applications on his own, pouring colored semolina or other cereals onto a pre-drawn image. Of course, you can just do the pouring, but then it is better to use transparent containers or containers.

Busyboard and magic chest

A purchased business board is a board with all kinds of details attached to it that should interest the child. You can create such a thing with your own hands from a chipboard sheet, the corners of which will need to be turned in advance. The front side should be bright and attractive - you can stick bright images of your baby's favorite characters or colorful fairy-tale pictures on it.

Then it remains to securely fix a variety of things on such a stand, starting with small toys - balls, pompoms, old watches, and ending with a mobile phone, padlocks, sockets, buttons, empty jars, handles without rods, street bells, switches. The more different details, the more interesting it is for a two-year-old. Playing with a magic chest (purse or bag) is of a similar nature, and the child can periodically take out and examine his treasures from it. The main thing is that all items are clean and safe.

Understanding what to do with a child at 2 years old at home, adults should not forget about such classic ways of entertaining and educating a baby as reading good books, listening to music and singing, daily physical exercises carried out in the form of a game and instilling a love for sports, because such types development are the most effective and always relevant.

Educational games for children 2 years old: video

In order for the child to keep up with peers, he needs to create all the conditions for full development, including through the continuous conduct of the learning process, which began as early as possible.

The main way to implement it is classes, their goal is intellectual, mental and physical development. And if for one-year-old children they are the simplest, then after two years they become more complicated. The priority is discipline, high-quality performance of tasks, accustoming to order, cleanliness, gaining greater independence, respect for the results of labor in the form of praise.

Classes for children 2 years old should be aimed at:

• development of speech
• vocabulary expansion,
• formation of thinking and perception,
• logic training,
• memory and attention
• development of creative abilities,
• development of physical abilities.

To prevent emotional overload, make sure that their duration did not exceed 10 minutes.

Classes with children 2 years old for the development of speech and expansion of vocabulary

Daily communication with the child, joint games and activities contribute to the development of speech and vocabulary enrichment. A child's best friend should be a book. He needs to read clearly and with intonation, comment on each picture “The dog is running, the locomotive is buzzing woo”, answer questions and engage in a dialogue: “What is the dog doing? And how does the locomotive hum? The alphabet is also a book by which letters are first studied.

Such activities for a 2-year-old child at home can bring results even in the case of a banal cartoon viewing, if the child is asked questions: “Does the kitten have a name, what is its name?”.

At the age of two, babies often replace some sounds with others or do not pronounce some of them at all, saying not “bunny”, but “ayka”. You need to learn the correct pronunciation.

For example, if it is “z”, then like this: “A mosquito flies z-z-z. Tell me how a mosquito flies? Or, showing a toy hare, ask: “Is this a T-shirt? Not? Maybe a nut? No, it's a bunny!"

This is how speech develops, the articular apparatus strengthens, and the vocabulary expands.

Classes with a child at 2 years old for the development of thinking and perception

At this stage of development, the foundations of mathematical thinking are laid, therefore, classes for children of 2 years old must be provided for the study of geometric shapes and counting. It is better to start with simple, gradually moving to complex.

If they are figures, then:

• square,
• a circle,
• triangle.

And later:

• rhombus,
• oval,
• rectangle.

If the score, then: one, two, three. And then - up to 10.

You can build pyramids using figures of various shapes, while learning to count: "Here is one square cube and two balls."

It will be interesting for the kid to get acquainted with the color characteristics of objects, especially if he still does not know anything about color. To do this, conduct classes with a 2-year-old child on color discrimination and perception. First, they work with 3-4 colors, when he learns to distinguish them, you can double the number, studying one new color at each subsequent lesson.

Looking at the picture, say: "Look, what a green tree."

Or, playing with the constructor: "I'm building a red tower, give me red cubes."

You can take two boxes, put yellow toys in one of them, green toys in the other, ask the baby: “Put a yellow duck in this box, and a green ball in this one.”

It is obligatory to pronounce the colors, but to force the child to name them is not, the main thing is that he orientate himself in them. The task is to connect a word denoting color with a visual image. If the kid made a mistake in choosing a color, he needs to be corrected.

The result is fixed in practice: “What color did I give you an apple: red, green or yellow?”.

Or on the street: “What color is the tree? What color is your hat?"

The same applies to the perception of size: the child must know the relationship between the concepts "big - small": "Here is a big truck, but a small one."

The next step is to explain that there are cars that are neither large nor small, but medium.

Classes for a child 2 years old on logic

Improving memory and attention is facilitated by logical exercises. This is a search for differences in toys and images, the disappearance of objects, their rearrangement.

For example, developing activities for children 2 years old “What is missing on the table?” pass like this. Having arranged a set of dishes, they ask the baby to look at the objects (there are 3-5 of them), they tell about each: “This is a cup, you drink compote from it, this is a plate, you eat soup from it, this is a spoon, you hold it with your hand.” Having chosen the moment, one of them is removed from the table and they say: “Look, what is missing here?”. Having received an answer, show the child a hidden object and praise it.

The next time, similar manipulations are performed, only now something is added that was not there before, for example, a saucer. They ask the baby to show a new object, talk about it. Then they change roles with the child: “I will turn away, and you hide something.”

Creative activities with a 2 year old

They are classes to develop the imagination and broaden one's horizons. At this age, children begin to draw with pencils and paints, they are taught to sculpt from soft plasticine and dough to gain sensory experience and improve fine motor skills.

The development of a child of 2 years old should be comprehensive, therefore he is given complete freedom in creative self-expression, while simultaneously teaching the basic principles of creating images and figures, choosing proportions and colors, reflecting the essence of surrounding objects.

Non-traditional art activities with a child at 2 years old

Many have heard of finger painting, wet paper drawing, grain, sand, candle, monotype and more, but only a few know that this is a new and effective learning method that will be especially interesting for kids. It is non-traditional, therefore classes for children of 2 years old involve the use of specific techniques and a variety of non-standard materials for visual activity.

Intellectual abilities develop with the help of blotography: a small pebble is immersed in watercolor, a kid puts an inkblot on paper, and mom asks: “What does it look like? To the cloud? Or on a typewriter if we draw wheels for it? ”Thus making up a whole plot.

The child will learn with interest candle drawing: wax is not visible on white paper, but if cotton wool is moistened with paint and applied to the image, a picture will suddenly appear before his eyes.

And here is the monotype method: bright finger paints (thick gouache), transparent cellophane and paper are taken. The kid draws an image on the cellophane with a palm of paint, then the cellophane is turned over and lowered onto paper, two indefinite drawings are obtained at once. "What is this? Maybe a forest and a river?

Music lessons with children 2 years old

These classes are designed to develop an ear for music and a sense of rhythm, and also contribute to the formation of speech and the correct pronunciation of sounds. The kid needs to include children's songs and musical cartoons, sing or play instruments, use musical toys for children 2 years old or books.

Let your favorite doll speak to him in the voice of his mother, the robot sing songs and read poetry: “Look, they want to sing a song about the Christmas tree for you.” The playing music encourages dancing, so at the first chords you need to show the child a few simple movements, and he will repeat them.

Physical education for a child 2 years old

They develop strength and dexterity, coordinate movements, are held at home and in the fresh air. In the room, you can install a sports corner for physical education or perform simple exercises with the baby to the music: tilts, squats, turns.

And what to do with a child of 2 years for a walk?

For example, playing with the ball: throwing it up, ask to catch it first with one, then with the other, and then with both hands; kick the ball into the goal on the sports ground; slowly push the ball forward (“Run faster than the ball”) and let the baby overtake him.

You can also play group games: “Who has the ball rolling further?” or, pushing the ball off the ground, "Who will bounce higher than the ball?".

At the discretion of the parents, the list of activities can be expanded.

Educational activities for children 2 years old - video

Ekaterina Alekseevna Khuri
Synopsis of a developmental lesson with young children (2-3 years old) "Mouse"

Target:

Encourage children to actively communicate, to form a positive emotional mood. Develop in children, the ability to perform movements in accordance with the text; imitate the expressive imitative movements of an adult; develop imaginative thinking; develop fine motor skills. Learn to recognize mice by their distinctive external features and the sounds they make; give the concept of one and many, consolidate ideas about size and color, shape (a circle). To form the ability to walk and run on toes, climb into a hoop, navigate in space; perform movements after adults, enrich motor experience.

Equipment:

Toys: big Mouse, cat, small mice of different colors, circles- "mink" different colors, hoops.

Lesson progress:

1. Greeting.

Leading:

My bell is ringing

Tells us to gather

Gathering in a circle

Hello friend!

Then the facilitator greets each child in turn with the words: All of us ... Kate (says the child's name) so happy. Katya (child's name) we need to clap. Children together with the leader clap their hands.

2. Warm up "Sun".

Leading:

The red morning has come

The sun rose bright.

Beams began to shine

To entertain small children. // Children raise their hands up and move their fingers as "rays".

"Early in the morning we woke up" // Early in the morning we woke up. Stretched, pulled. We smiled at Mom. / Perform imitative actions.

“Here we met with some water” // Here we met with some water. And washed our face. We washed our eyes. We washed our cheeks. We washed our mouth so that a tooth would bite there.

Leading:

What can our hands do? - Clap your hands" : “The guys clap their hands. Softly clapping, softly clapping. The boys' feet are stomping. They stomp loudly. They stomp loudly. / Perform appropriate movements.

3. Surprise moment. MOUSE.

3.1. consideration mice

The host shows the children a toy mouse:

“1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Who came to play with us?

Who's squeaking?"

The facilitator waits for the answers of the children and continues:

"It mouse she came to us and brought mice.

So beautiful mice. Mom is a big mouse, and the kids are small.

Mother mouse alone, and mice - a lot.

Where do mice have eyes, ears, a nose ... And how they squeak mice? (wee-wee-wee)

Children are considering mouse, show movements, imitate imitating sounds.

3.2. Climbing into a hoop. « Mice in burrows» .

Leading:

“Our mice live in minks. Where are those minks?

They are round, like our hoops.

The mice are walking. visit others from mink to mink

And now you are not kids, but little mice, and you will go to others to visit. ”

/Children climb into the hoops, imitate walking to visit. /

3.3. Didactic game. "Hide mice in mink.»

Leading:

“Well done! You climb well into the minks, and now let's help other mice get into the mink.

Look how many mice are here A: They are all different colors. What colour mice? Yellow, red, blue.

Help mice to find their mink. / We lay out the prepared material on the table.

Children sit down (inserted into slotted under each mouse slot) mice by color in the corresponding mink.

3.4. Finger game. mouse legs.

Leading:

"All of our mice fled to their burrows, because they have very fast legs.

Like ours Mice

Short legs.

legs The mice are in a hurry

To the cheese crust - and back.

We depict with fingers mouse legs. / We move our fingers along our legs "running" fingers up and down.

3.5. Walking and running on toes.

Leading:

"When mice want to eat their cheese, they do not run, but sneak.

How do they go mice? Like this, on toes. / The facilitator shows the movements to the children. Children imitate the leader's movements.

Leading:

"Cunning mice are very quiet

visited the cellar on a dark night

I want to mice are terrible:

delicious sour cream, cheese, butter "/Children walk on their toes behind the leader.

Leading:

“The cat-cat heard the mice and began to catch up with them, and mice ran. /Children scatter.

Leading:

"Run, run mice and hid in burrows./Children squat down.

Leading:

“You are not a shawl!

Related publications:

"Journey to a fairy tale". Synopsis of a correctional and developmental lesson with children of senior preschool age[Goal: the formation of positive relationships in the peer group. Objectives: To continue to teach children interaction skills.

Synopsis of an integrated lesson on traffic rules with young children Synopsis of the integrated lesson with young children "Kingdom of Traffic Lights" Purpose: Familiarization of young children with views.

Lesson objectives: 1. The development of fine motor skills. 2. Speech development: to teach to understand addressed speech, speech motivation. 3. Learn to show parts.

Synopsis of a correctional-developing lesson of a defectologist teacher with children of primary school age with disabilities (first grade) Synopsis of a correctional - developing lesson of a teacher-defectologist, with children of primary school age with disabilities, grade 1 (second half of the year).

Synopsis of GCD on artistic and aesthetic development (drawing) with young children

At the age of two, the child becomes a full-fledged interlocutor, an active and mobile researcher of the world around him. Educational games for children 2 years old are a good help in learning new things.

Knowledge and skills of a two-year-old child

Every child is special and develops individually. Therefore, it is impossible to compare the level of skills of a toddler and his peers. One child succeeds in physical activity, the other successfully demonstrates creative inclinations. However, an approximate list of skills that a child has at the age of two still exists.

• The musculoskeletal system. The baby already knows how to walk, run, jump, walk backwards, balance on a narrow section of the road, move up and down the stairs, kick the ball.
• Hand motor skills. The child builds pyramids, knows how to handle scissors, draws "kalyaki".
• Thinking, perception, memory, speech. The kid dances to the beat of the melody, is able to perform an algorithm of up to 3 actions, fulfills requests, tells poems and fairy tales. The vocabulary of a toddler is small: 150-300 words. He speaks in short sentences.
• Socialization. The child actively interacts with the outside world: he washes his hands, almost dresses himself, eats with a spoon, drinks from a mug, sits on the potty, helps his parents, tries to communicate with other children.

If your two-year-old toddler is not yet ready to perform all of the above, do not panic. Just focus more on working on identified knowledge gaps. At this age, children grasp any material on the fly, a few lessons are enough.

Favorite games for 2 year olds

It is easy to come up with a fascinating activity - it is enough to take into account the interests of children of this age. At the same time, the games of boys are not much different from the games of girls.

Among the most common developmental for 2 years, the following can be distinguished.

• Ball game. You can play with the ball not only on the street, but also at home. We roll the ball to each other, gradually adding toss. Over time, simple movements will develop into an edible-inedible game.
• Climbing. Toddlers love to overcome obstacles, ride downhill, climb stairs. If there is no Swedish wall at home, the kid will throw out energy on the playground in the yard.
• Finger games. The child draws with his hands, paints and pencils, sculpts from plasticine, cuts out applications with his own hands.
• Role-playing games. Games with adults, such as “Mothers and Daughters”, “Hospital”, “Shop”, help develop speech and maintain the right emotional contact with mom.
• Games with cubes, pyramids. Such games develop coordination, fine motor skills of hands, logical thinking.
• Mom's helper. Children of the third year of life love to take part in everyday activities, copying the actions of their parents.

Psychologists are convinced that it is not the nature of the game that is important for the child, but the participation of loved ones in it. The kid is just learning to be independent, he still feels more comfortable next to mom and dad.

Classes according to age

Child development is a continuous process. Its success is ensured by the active participation of parents in the conduct of classes, games and exercises. At impromptu lessons, the child expands his vocabulary, forms perception, logic, memory and attention, develops creative abilities, trains strength and endurance. The main conditions for conducting classes are the good mood of the baby and a strict time frame (10 minutes).

Any task is performed in a relaxed game form. You can not force the baby to learn, you can only motivate him with new entertainment.

• For increase vocabulary kids need to read more. Reading should be clear and intelligible. The intonation is smooth, but not monotonous. Engage your child in conversation while reading. For example: “The dog is drawn. The dog is running. Vanechka, where is the dog running? The same technique is used when watching a cartoon on TV or on a computer.
• For development speeches perform articulation exercises. Such gymnastics can be combined with exercises for delayed speech development (ZRR) prescribed by the attending physician. In case of lagging behind peers, misunderstanding exercises are used (the parent pretends not to understand the baby's gestures, forcing him to pronounce words) and games for the development of fine motor skills of the hands.
• Basics arithmetic and geometry laid at the age of two years. Start by learning shapes from simple to complex. Then master counting to 10. For example: "Look, here are 2 yellow triangles and 1 red square." The kid at the same time will get acquainted with the color scheme. Use 3-4 colors. When the child ceases to get confused in them, proceed to the study of additional shades. So, playing with cubes, offer to serve you the one that is blue. To consolidate the result, sort the toys by color with the toddler. Don't make them name. The main task is to create a correspondence between the visual image and the sound shell of the word. The next step is to study the dimensions. The child will learn to determine whether a large, medium or small car has passed.
• For improvement memory suitable games with the permutation and disappearance of toys. Ask the kid to return everything back or determine what has changed.
• Creative pursuits form imagination. Don't limit your child's activities. Let him draw or mold from plasticine and dough the figure that he came up with. This is how he expresses himself.
• Along with classical activities, you can add a touch of creativity to aesthetic development baby. Try to introduce him to blotography - painting with paints using stones. A bizarre stone is dipped into paint and applied to paper. The kid is trying to show imagination and determine what this trace looks like. Drawing with paraffin at first does not arouse interest, because there are no traces of children's art in the picture. But one has only to cover the paper with watercolor, as a full-fledged drawing appears.
• Educational programs for children should include and motor activity. Physical exercises develop dexterity, good coordination, strengthen health. Do morning exercises at home, run more outside and play outdoor games.
• For development sense of music and rhythm Include themed children's songs and classical compositions for your child. Melodies encourage the baby to dance. Learn some simple and fun moves.

At 2 years old, the child already knows the main animals, some plants, seasons, the names of a number of objects. The task of any auxiliary material is to continue the development that has begun, to expand the child's horizons.

Books for a 2-year-old child are divided into several types:

• fairy tales;
• poems;
• stories about nature;
• developmental books.

It is worth talking about the latter in more detail. Today, the shelves of bookstores surprise with a variety of educational toys for the little ones. We bring to your attention a list of the most popular of them.

• "Smart books" from the author Olga Zemtsova delight parents at an affordable price. The series is aimed at developing horizons, intellectual and creative abilities. The age of children is from 1 to 6 years. In addition to thin magazines, there are massive books in the series.
• "Preschool Mosaic"- the second widely known creation of Olga Zemtsova. The advantage is a bright design and the presence of stickers with tasks. Age for training - from 2 to 6 years.
• "School of the Seven Dwarfs"- the most popular publication for the development of kids, created by recognized educators and psychologists. Age ranges from birth to school entry. The annual course consists of 12 brochures with didactic games for the comprehensive development of the child in accordance with age.
• "New Baby - Genius from the Diaper" author Elena Yanushko is a reusable album for creativity.

Examples of educational games

Play these games with your toddler and you will see the benefits after just a few sessions.

• "Matryoshkas". Sort the nesting dolls by color and size. Give them names. Discuss with your child how Masha's nesting dolls differ from Tanya's nesting dolls. Ask what color they are, which one is larger. Mix the toys. Try to restore the logical series.
• "Beads". Before the game, we perform a blank: we string pasta on a thread and tie its two ends. Get beads. We show the technique of making the baby and offer to make the same necklace.
• "Topotushki". Mom pats the child’s body with the pads of her fingers from head to toe, reading the verse:

Two pretty piggies

They took the stomp at once,

And they went for a walk,

Run, jump more fun!

In parallel, she names the parts of the body on which she slaps. The baby will definitely try to "repeat the route."

• "Apples". Put 3 apples on the table. Count them together. Ask the child to close their eyes and hide 1 apple. Ask the baby how many apples are missing and how many are left.
• "Score". Say that the tractor needs to take only circles to one store, and only squares to another (or red toys to one, green to the other). Load the car with toys of the same shape or color and take them to the store.

The imagination of children and their parents is limitless. When inventing interesting and varied educational games, do not forget that you should not overwork the child or give him too difficult tasks.

For the full development of the child, you need to deal with him daily. By the age of 2-3, children already have many knowledge and skills that need to be further developed, as well as taught new things.

As before, classes should be carried out in a playful way so that the baby is interested. When planning classes, alternate physical and mental activities, pay attention to the fact that the baby develops in all directions.

Development of creative abilities

Lesson "Modeling"
For modeling, it is better to use not plasticine, but dough. It is more flexible and safer.
Teach your baby to pinch off small pieces, roll balls, sausages. You can use molds with which the baby can make figures. Closer to three years, a child can be taught to sculpt simple figures, for example, a snowman, a snake. You can also make simple applications with the help of the test. Lay out small pieces of dough on a pre-prepared drawing, which the son or daughter will smooth out, attaching to the picture in accordance with the color.

Lesson "Drawing"
Pencils, crayons, paints are suitable for drawing. Drawing, the baby at the same time learns colors. Children 2-3 years old, as a rule, already know how to draw lines, circles. It is good to teach children to depict pictures consisting of these elements. For example, in order for the kid to learn how to draw the sun, it is advisable to first show yourself how it is done, then draw a circle and a few rays, and then invite the child to finish drawing the sun. Soon he will learn to draw on his own. At this age, you need to learn to color without going beyond the outline.
Give the child a large sheet of paper and let the child draw what he wants at the moment.

Lesson "Creating Applications"
Applications can be made from paper, natural materials, cereals.

Speech development

Lesson with children 2-3 years old "Reading"
When reading books, you need to pay attention to the pictures. Ask more often what is shown in the picture. Read rhymes in which the child can add phrases. Closer to three years, ask questions about the read fairy tale. Make riddles. Let the little one choose the book he wants to read on his own.

Lesson "Theater"
Use figures of people and animals, assigning a certain role to the baby. At first, the child will give the figures, name them, gradually pronounce the words assigned to his hero.

Lesson "Speech apparatus"
Teach your child to blow bubbles, play the flute, this will help in the future in pronunciation of words.

Development of memory, logic

At this age, it is important to consolidate and improve knowledge about shapes and colors, sizes, quantitative indicators. Develop an understanding of the seasons of the year, the time of day.

Put items of various shapes and colors in a box. Ask the baby to give only round objects, then only red objects to those.

Pour beans and beans or buttons of various sizes on a plate. Ask to sort small and large items.

Put various items in a box, ask them to arrange fruits and animals separately.

Currently, there are many games that help develop memory and thinking. These are all kinds of lotos with shapes, flowers, animals, vegetables and other items, games in which the task is to find the same items, find a pair, and various puzzles. Children willingly play such games and remember the name of objects, their signs.

Development of fine motor skills

For the development of fine motor skills, mosaics, finger gymnastics, fastening locks, lacing, pouring cereals are suitable.

Development of social skills

Teach your little one to do household chores. Play that a bear will come to visit, for example. Let the little person set the table, arrange the cups, pour tea.

Ask for help with cleaning, dusting, sweeping.

Let the baby put his favorite toy to bed, comb the doll, dress it.

Development of motor activity

Charging, gymnastics, dancing help the child to keep fit. The kid must be taught to walk in a straight line, through obstacles, climb labyrinths, jump.

Let the child listen to different music so that he understands the concept of fast and slow, fun and sad.

Video "Developing activities with children 2-3 years old"